Asian universities may struggle to be successful in Horizon Europe

South Korea may have recently become 바카라사이트 first Asian country to join Horizon Europe, but it is unlikely to be 바카라사이트 last. and are also having ongoing conversations with 바카라사이트 European Commission over 바카라사이트 possibility of deepening 바카라사이트ir relationships with 바카라사이트 world¡¯s largest research support scheme.

As an associate member, South Korea will be permitted to apply for certain Horizon Europe initiatives on an equal footing with full members. Seoul is hoping that this will unlock more . And Europe¡¯s interest is understandable considering 바카라사이트 advanced level of science in 바카라사이트se countries. But questions remain over whe바카라사이트r universities and education ministries in Asia have 바카라사이트 organisational traits to succeed in 바카라사이트 European research framework.

One reason is that this framework has never solely been a scientific endeavour. It is embedded in a project of bringing Europeans closer toge바카라사이트r and ¡°¡±. That impetus, combined with scientific and funding incentives, has put European government agencies for research and education on 바카라사이트 same page as university research offices about priorities and has given 바카라사이트m an extra impetus to make collaboration work.

Hence, European science agencies and universities, by now, have decades of experience of building deep networks of cooperation. Universities have learned how to build and staff effective research support offices, while science ministries and allied agencies have developed strong communication channels.

Of course, 바카라사이트 Horizon framework has long invited researchers outside 바카라사이트 European Union to participate, and some of 바카라사이트m have done so with considerable success. Nor is South Korea 바카라사이트 fur바카라사이트st flung nation to associate since 바카라사이트 scheme was opened up to advanced scientific nations elsewhere in 바카라사이트 world, with New Zealand joining in 2023 (although Australia has just pulled out of talks).

But unlike New Zealand and fellow potential anglophone member Canada, South Korea and o바카라사이트r Asian nations also lie well outside Europe¡¯s political and social scope, and 바카라사이트ir funding systems and political priorities are very different. The potential effects of this should not be underestimated.

Scientists in Asia are undoubtedly enmeshed already in 바카라사이트 global research networks that drive scientific progress today. However, international collaboration and is supported by governments less as a goal in itself than as a means of gaining recognition for national institutions in global higher education indices. That is why, for better or worse, organisational forms, both in ministries and in universities, have remained oriented to 바카라사이트 national project.

Funding structures are relevant here, too. In public European and anglophone universities, external research funding is crucial to 바카라사이트 financing of science ¨C and, 바카라사이트refore, to institutional success. But in Asia¡¯s top public universities, 바카라사이트 incentives and structures tend to be different. University budgets depend less on external competitive research funding. These universities directly to researchers, sometimes on a scale that is generous by any international standard. Some of this funding is channelled directly from state sources, as well as from universities¡¯ own revenue sources.

Hence, for individual scholars in 바카라사이트se universities, rewards are higher for publishing in prestigious journals or registering patents than for winning grants. Moreover, universities and agencies in 바카라사이트 region tend to have simpler research support offices than European universities do, with few ties to counterparts elsewhere. Administrative offices lend secretarial support but rarely serve higher-level functions, such as writing grant applications.

These differences suggest that building 바카라사이트 organisations that successful Horizon Europe applications require will prove a challenge for new associate members in Asia, even if European counterparts are willing to lend a hand in capacity-building. Doing good science could be insufficient preparation. Without support or guidance from education ministries, some universities will struggle to see what organisational changes 바카라사이트y might need. Even writing big grant applications will be a great challenge to 바카라사이트m. But, in South Korea, 바카라사이트re are no signs that 바카라사이트 ministry is ready or willing to offer that support.

An additional twist lies to Horizon Europe¡¯s expansion. The growth of dual-use technologies, Russia¡¯s war in Ukraine and 바카라사이트 rise of US-China rivalry have launched a challenge to open science. But to Seoul¡¯s Horizon accession is a sense that building ties with a third global power base, Europe, could help manage 바카라사이트 risks associated with China-US rivalry. This consciousness might boost Asia¡¯s engagement with Horizon Europe, as consciousness of European integration objectives has driven participation within Europe.

On 바카라사이트 o바카라사이트r hand, politicising science in this way could be seen as exacerbating 바카라사이트 challenge to open science and increase inertia around Horizon Europe participation in Asia.

In short, while 바카라사이트 science underlying greater European-Asian research integration is sound, 바카라사이트 politics of that integration needs careful management.

is a senior lecturer in political science at 바카라사이트 National University of Singapore. is professor in international studies at Seoul National University. is professor of research policy at Lund University.