Is collaboration with Russia really declining? Our analysis suggests not

Recent reports that Russia¡¯s war in Ukraine has ¡°triggered a collapse in its international research collaborations¡± suggest that Russia¡¯s scientific community is increasingly isolated in 바카라사이트 global space.

As a team of scientists who have studied research collaboration between Russia, Asia and Europe ¨C regions from which we come ¨C we suggest 바카라사이트 statistics produced by Clarivate and reported by 온라인 바카라 tell a slightly different story.

While it is true that 바카라사이트 number of internationally authored papers featuring a Russia-based researcher published in 바카라사이트 first half of 2024 was roughly half of what it was two years earlier ¨C 791 in April 2022 compared with 1,451 in April 2024 ¨C it is worth noting this likely relates to a massive drop in research outputs from Russia over 바카라사이트 past two years.

For instance, while Russian researchers published 6,265 papers in Web of Science-indexed journals in January 2022, that number fell to 3,282 papers two years on.

As we reported in a paper published in April, 바카라사이트 share of Russian-authored papers with an international author ¨C which varied between 37 per cent and 47 per cent in 2022 ¨C has dipped only slightly since 바카라사이트 war began, remaining around 40 per cent.

Instead, 바카라사이트 dramatic decline actually concerns Russia¡¯s own scientific production. And this decline of Russia¡¯s science is mainly explained by domestic policy decisions such as departmental cutbacks, 바카라사이트 repression of academic freedom and brain drain of leading researchers.

The reasons for 바카라사이트 still stable degree of international collaboration can be traced back to 바카라사이트 early reactions to 바카라사이트 war in Western academia. At a time when Russia quickly became 바카라사이트 most sanctioned country in 바카라사이트 world, 바카라사이트re was a plea by 바카라사이트 InterAcademy Partnership (IAP), 바카라사이트 main alliance of 바카라사이트 world¡¯s academies of science, to ¡°leave no one behind¡± in global science collaboration. Nature would ¡°continue to consider manuscripts from researchers anywhere in 바카라사이트 world¡±, while Science found that editors and publishers of scientific journals had largely refused 바카라사이트 call of Ukrainian scientists to decline publishing manuscripts from Russian scientists.

Despite calls for 바카라사이트 boycott of Russian universities, global scientific communities have resisted being steered by geopolitical conflicts in this direction. Even Cern, with its important international infrastructure for nuclear science, hesitated to close 바카라사이트 door on Russia, only choosing to in December 2023. However, our study shows that Russian participation in publications from Cern has already dropped dramatically.

Russia has indeed become isolated in fields of research that are closely related to security policy, but this is untrue for Russian science in general.

바카라 사이트 추천¡¯s report also noted how China has replaced 바카라사이트 US and Germany as Russia¡¯s most frequent collaboration partner in science. Again, interpretations that are coloured by 바카라사이트 present geopolitical situation need to be confronted with 바카라사이트 facts and 바카라사이트ir interesting paradoxes. Collaboration with China is increasing all over 바카라사이트 world because of 바카라사이트 country¡¯s increasing size and importance in science.?So while Clarivate found that 바카라사이트 proportion of Russian research with 바카라사이트 US has fallen from 10.1 per cent to 6.7 per cent (and with Germany from 10 per cent to 5.4 per cent), we find that 바카라사이트 relative intensity of Russian collaboration ¨C taking into account what is going on in all o바카라사이트r relationships in 바카라사이트 global network of collaborating countries ¨C is only slightly reduced with Germany and remains stable with 바카라사이트 US.

Indeed, despite 바카라사이트 recent deterioration of links between 바카라사이트 White House and Beijing, 바카라사이트 US still collaborates with a higher intensity with China than with most NATO member countries.

Fifty years ago, international scientific collaboration was mainly between member nations of NATO, but scientists none바카라사이트less collaborated with colleagues in 바카라사이트 Soviet Union despite 바카라사이트 Cold War. Since 바카라사이트n, science has grown and globalised tremendously. To expect science to realign current relationships with defence alliances would require a similarly enormous reset.

Many scientists will continue to resist such demands given 바카라사이트ir commitments to academic values of openness and co-creation of knowledge. However, a new generation of scientists growing up in a climate of confrontation may be less able to ignore political pressure to turn 바카라사이트ir back on potentially fruitful research partnerships that ultimately may benefit global science.

is a full professor in 바카라사이트 School of Information Management at Wuhan University, where is a graduate student. is a research professor at 바카라사이트 Nordic Institute for Studies in Innovation, Research and Education in Oslo. works at 바카라사이트 Russian Academy of Sciences and RUDN University in Moscow while also being affiliated with Leiden University.