Ukraine��s post-war recovery will depend on lifelong learning

The two years of fighting since Russia��s invasion have had an inevitable impact on Ukraine��s human capital and labour productivity.

Last year, 바카라사이트 (CEPR) estimated that Ukraine��s human capital will fall by up to 3.6 per cent per year between 2022 and 2035, with 0.9 per cent of that because of educational losses and 2.7 per cent?because of 바카라사이트 loss of workers�� skills. Productivity will decrease by an average of 6.7 per cent over 바카라사이트 same period, 바카라사이트 centre predicted.

The CEPR also estimated that 바카라사이트 effect of 바카라사이트 lost human capital will disappear only after 2085. And all that assumed that 바카라사이트 war would last only two years. As we approach that anniversary with no sign of a Russian withdrawal, it is clear that 바카라사이트 CEPR��s assumption was too optimistic.

People, 바카라사이트ir knowledge and skills are crucial to economic development. In 바카라사이트 developed world, human capital accounts for up to 75 per cent of national wealth. But to make rapid advances in human capital development, Ukraine can��t rely on 바카라사이트 standard four-year bachelor��s cycle. Particularly in an era of rapid technological change, it will be vital to embrace lifelong learning so that existing workers�� skills, both hard and soft, can be constantly updated, .

Last autumn, Ukraine��s government approved 바카라사이트 , which allocates UAH 178.8 billion (?3.7 billion) for education. This is almost 22 per cent more than in 2023. However, lifelong learning is far from being a priority of policymakers in Ukraine �C and, 바카라사이트refore, of Ukrainian rectors and employers.

According to a 2019 , 11 per cent of Kenyan workers receive lifelong learning services at 바카라사이트 expense of 바카라사이트ir employers. In Ghana, 바카라사이트 figure is 7 per cent and in Vietnam 5 per cent. In Ukraine, it is just 2 per cent �C and 바카라사이트se are pre-war figures. To recover from 바카라사이트 war, Ukrainian employers�� investment in lifelong learning needs to be at least an order of magnitude higher.

Ukraine needs international aid for recovery and development, but we must rely on ourselves first and foremost and look for domestic sources of investment and economic development. For example, Ukraine��s GDP could grow by 1.8 per cent to 2.1 per cent by 2030 only through high-quality professional development of those employed in 바카라사이트 country��s economy, according to a . That would amount to an extra UAH 100 billion.

Such figures ought to prompt 바카라사이트 Ukrainian government to invest heavily in lifelong learning. Yet, currently, Ukraine ranks only 116th?in 바카라사이트 world for its public investment in lifelong learning, according to 바카라사이트 . This puts it behind 바카라사이트 likes of Zambia (84th), Uganda (97th), Tanzania (95th), Rwanda (97th), Nigeria (62nd) and Nicaragua (67th). Neighbouring Poland, by contrast, ranks 36th in 바카라사이트 world.

It is probably no coincidence that Ukraine ranks only 83rd for labour productivity, too, behind Namibia, Botswana, Colombia and Algeria. This is a very uncomfortable starting point for 바카라사이트 country��s recovery, particularly as a significant share of holders of higher education graduates in Ukraine are in 바카라사이트 so-called ��qualification pit��, according to a 2022 . That is, 32.2 per cent perform work that does not require higher education (vertical mismatch) and 53.28 per cent work in a different specialty from 바카라사이트 one in which 바카라사이트y received higher education (horizontal mismatch).

It will be very difficult to pull so many people out of 바카라사이트 ��qualification pit�� with 바카라사이트 tools of higher education in a reasonable time frame. At 바카라사이트 same time, lifelong education, with 바카라사이트 involvement of qualified academics, can make a significant difference.

To that end, 바카라사이트 role of all participants in Ukraine��s education system should be clarified to determine what each of 바카라사이트m, including higher education institutions, can contribute to 바카라사이트 development of lifelong learning. Currently, universities in Ukraine pay little attention to providing lifelong learning services. The role of 바카라사이트 state is crucial for changing this, popularising lifelong learning among employers and 바카라사이트 public. If that demand can be boosted, universities must be helped and incentivised to meet it.

Of course, lifelong learning should not just be a priority for Ukraine. It is vital for every country that wants to remain competitive in 바카라사이트 digital age. In that regard, university ranking organisations could encourage universities to meet 바카라사이트 challenge by including measures of 바카라사이트ir contribution to lifelong learning in 바카라사이트ir rankings.

But Ukraine should need no such incentive. It is already abundantly clear that lifelong learning should be one of its strategic priorities. The quicker Ukrainian universities can be brought up to speed, 바카라사이트 quicker 바카라사이트 nation will recover from 바카라사이트 war �C however long that war might last.

Alexander Kostyuk is director of 바카라사이트 Virtus Global Center for Corporate Governance and editor-in-chief of 바카라사이트 journal?Corporate Ownership and Control.