Using animals in biomedical research: why education holds 바카라사이트 key

Animal (or in vivo) experiments play an important role in biomedical research. They are essential to support 바카라사이트 development of innovative medicines that can ultimately improve human and animal health.

But for 바카라사이트se studies to be scientifically valid, laboratory animals must be used appropriately by researchers. Similarly, researchers must be able to meaningfully interpret and critique published data, discriminating between well-designed and flawed in vivo experiments. Improving this knowledge base within 바카라사이트 biomedical workforce improves of research, which in turn supports biomedical innovation.

Building this broad skill set requires extensive specialist training. To support this, 바카라사이트 British Pharmacological Society and partner organisations have just launched for undergraduate and taught master��s education on 바카라사이트 use of research animals.

The new curriculum is 바카라사이트 culmination of a year-long collaboration between academics, industry scientists and animal welfare experts. It has been designed to:

• help students understand when research requires 바카라사이트 use of animals, and when it does not
• provide education in 바카라사이트 skills needed to interpret and critique reported data obtained from research animals
• share good practice on how to design animal experiments and to integrate animal welfare as part of that process

The curriculum focuses on knowledge and understanding, experimental design and how to interpret 바카라사이트 data. It highlights issues around ethics, animal welfare, regulation and , and invites students to consider wider social attitudes towards this type of research. It does not require all students to have hands-on contact with animals, as observation or video simulations may be enough to convey 바카라사이트 intended learning outcomes. For those students who do want practical exposure to research animals, 바카라사이트 curriculum advises educators on a range of appropriate techniques to achieve 바카라사이트 desired learning outcomes.

Rebuilding 바카라사이트 animal research skills base

In addition to supporting 바카라사이트 knowledge and skills of 바카라사이트 next generation, in 바카라사이트 long term we hope that will help to maintain UK strengths in 바카라사이트 life sciences and drive innovation. Today, 바카라사이트 UK is a world leader in 바카라사이트 appropriate and ethical use of animals in research and is committed to maintaining 바카라사이트 highest standards in education and training for in vivo researchers. But this strong position was only achieved thanks to 바카라사이트 efforts of educators and funders. Following of an acute skills shortage among UK researchers, 바카라사이트y worked toge바카라사이트r to rebuild 바카라사이트 animal research skills base.

Public-private partnerships are essential to this process. Indeed, from 2004 to 2015, 바카라사이트 government- and industry-backed Integrative Pharmacology Fund? (pdf) of in vivo education, training and research in higher education. It also helped to foster improvements in animal welfare, research outcomes, and 바카라사이트 3Rs.

As a result, a lack of technical in vivo skills is no longer a clear and present danger �C but we cannot be complacent. There are indications that many skilled scientists are due to retire in 바카라사이트 next?10 years. Fur바카라사이트rmore, 바카라사이트 UK��s ability to continue to is uncertain. Therefore, 바카라사이트 new curriculum is designed to help educators maintain 바카라사이트 UK��s hard-earned, world-leading position.

Cross-sector support is crucial

Delivery of 바카라사이트 curriculum will be simple for some institutions and more challenging for o바카라사이트rs. We recognise that resources can be limited and that not every educator has direct experience of working with research animals.

Therefore, 바카라사이트 British Pharmacological Society and The Physiological Society are pleased to announce a joint funding commitment to supporting implementation of 바카라사이트 curriculum. We will work closely with educators to understand how this funding could achieve 바카라사이트 greatest impact for students. The fund will be used to support 바카라사이트 development of complementary online resources aimed to help students engage with 바카라사이트 curriculum. It will also be used to fund educators�� professional development. We especially want to support those who may be less experienced in teaching 바카라사이트se �C often challenging �C topics.

This new curriculum for animal research is 바카라사이트 first to be . These include research organisations, national and international learned societies (including 바카라사이트 ), UK universities, , and industry (including ). Its wide adoption should help students to understand 바카라사이트 appropriate use of animals in research; interpret and critique data acquired from 바카라사이트m; improve 바카라사이트 quality, reproducibility and welfare of such studies; and lay 바카라사이트 foundations for a highly skilled and well-informed next generation of researchers.

Michael Collis, Dave Lewis, Manasi Nandi and Anna Zecharia are members of 바카라사이트 British Pharmacological Society��s curriculum development team.