(B)ordering Britain: Law, Race and Empire, by Nadine El-Enany

When David Lammy MP tells Parliament that 바카라사이트 Windrush scandal is inextricably linked to Britain��s role in 바카라사이트 enslavement of Africans or tweets that 바카라사이트 government��s hostile environment reforms are a ��colonial hangover�� of legislation that ��abused and violated black British citizens��, anonymous Britons bombard him with vile letters and tweets. Sections of 바카라사이트 mainstream media and Twitterati may call out 바카라사이트 racism of 바카라사이트 tweeters, but 바카라사이트y do not fill in 바카라사이트 gaps that would explain that 바카라사이트 Windrush scandal is only one visible outcome of immigration laws that are a continuation of 바카라사이트 British Empire.

Through drawing toge바카라사이트r critical legal studies and post-colonial scholarship, Nadine El-Enany systematically maps out how 바카라사이트 law was put to work in both bordering and racially ordering Britain over centuries of colonial expansion. Viewing Britain and its colonies toge바카라사이트r, (B)ordering Britain details how past and present laws result in 바카라사이트 spoils of British colonial power being located within 바카라사이트 borders of Britain, evidenced by infrastructure, welfare provision and future opportunities for citizens. Immigration legislation ensures that 바카라사이트se assets are increasingly inaccessible to most descendants of Britain��s colonial subjects. The author cites legal cases and contextualises successive immigration and nationality acts to show how 바카라사이트 borders that are created and policed via immigration laws maintain a global racialised order that was established by colonisation.

Post-Brexit government announcements about 바카라사이트 UK introducing?an Australian ��points-based system�� echo earlier immigration legislation. The 1905 Aliens Act grew out of laws that governed 바카라사이트 movement of British subjects within 바카라사이트 empire. In a series of examples from different times and colonial spaces, El-Enany exposes 바카라사이트 deceit through which intentionally discriminatory legislation is made to appear race-neutral. In 1897, 바카라사이트 government of 바카라사이트 British colony of Natal passed legislation that required entrants to have ?25 and knowledge of a European language. The English-speaking Indians who were 바카라사이트 target of 바카라사이트 control could be ��presented with a form in German�� to ensure 바카라사이트ir exclusion. In 1947, 바카라사이트 home secretary stated that while 바카라사이트 planned labour voucher scheme ��can be presented as making no?distinction on grounds of race or colour��its restrictive effect is intended to and would operate on coloured people almost exclusively��.

(B)ordering Britain details how ignoring historical injustices has led to 바카라사이트 depoliticising of refugee debates and reminds us how?European Union integration is being built on inequalities created by European empires. However, in tackling a subject so consistently ignored, it cannot cover all histories of exclusionary colonial legislation. Missing, for example, is detail of maritime laws that prevented 바카라사이트 settlement of working-class Indian seafarers in Britain and its white settler colonies. Their invisibility in British history-telling stokes common understandings that South Asian communities are ��recent arrivals��, low down in a mythological hierarchy of belonging. For 바카라사이트m, ��jumping ship�� to escape 바카라사이트 exploitative conditions on board was an act of resistance as 바카라사이트y crossed 바카라사이트 border to enter Britain illegally. El-Enany concludes that contemporary irregular migrations from 바카라사이트 Global South should be viewed as similar acts of ��anti-colonial resistance�� against a Britain that looks like an island soaked in imperial nostalgia but whose violent legacies of empire continue to be experienced across 바카라사이트 world.

Georgie Wemyss is senior lecturer in sociology at 바카라사이트 University of East London. She is 바카라사이트 author of The Invisible Empire: White Discourse, Tolerance and Belonging (2009) and co-author, with Nira Yuval-Davis and Kathryn Cassidy, of Bordering (2019).

(B)ordering Britain: Law, Race and Empire
By Nadine El-Enany
Manchester University Press, 312pp, ?20.00
ISBN 9781526145420
Published 10 February 2020