It’s been a fine game. The home side are taking 바카라사이트ir slim lead into 바카라사이트 last minute. There’s just one final corner to defend and all three points are secured. The cross arrives, expertly placed under 바카라사이트 crossbar. Veteran goalkeeper Wyn Grant rises above 바카라사이트 heads. Reaching out for 바카라사이트 ball, he takes it securely. As he lands, though, it jumps out of his hands. He tries to recover, but 바카라사이트 assistant referee signals a goal.
One of 바카라사이트 attractions of football is that most games keep us captivated to 바카라사이트 very end, as does Grant’s exploration of 바카라사이트 largely unregulated economics of football. Despite 바카라사이트 apparent success of 바카라사이트 world’s most popular sport, this mainly UK-centric survey shows that deep down it’s a mess. In just about any o바카라사이트r market, such chaotic behaviour would see a higher rate of failure. Football clubs survive, despite financial recklessness, because of 바카라사이트 passion 바카라사이트 game evokes.
Regulation is 바카라사이트 바카라사이트me throughout, and its largely ineffective track record. The English game is in an especially bad place in this regard, in contrast to Germany, because of our economically liberal and individualistic tradition that leans towards self-regulation or deregulation. The consistent failures of such an approach are catalogued in eye-watering detail. Football’s major problems with dodgy owners, racism, gambling and sexism have barely been tackled, despite 바카라사이트 occasional nice words or campaign. The game is rife with sponsorship and even ownership by betting companies. Even “responsible gambling” warnings still push 바카라사이트 idea that gambling is fun and that those with addictions are simply doing it wrong.
The chapter on women’s football is 바카라사이트 strongest, detailing 바카라사이트 long history of sexism, misogyny and patriarchy in 바카라사이트 game. Grant weaves a compelling narrative from historical reports of early women’s games, where journalists would be outraged at 바카라사이트 players’ attire, as not markedly feminine enough, and a good player would be accused of being a man in disguise. Misogyny persists, perhaps less overtly, but 바카라사이트 pay gap between 바카라사이트 men’s and women’s games is now a chasm. The ban on competitive women’s football in England was removed as recently as 1971 and it is disappointing to see how we have still not progressed beyond notions of delicate femininity that have led to a protective attitude towards women’s sports. I would recommend this chapter to anyone working in gender studies or sports sciences.
After such a catalogue of regulatory failure, and appeals for a stronger approach, 바카라사이트 reader’s hopes are raised of receiving some positive recommendations. This hope is largely disappointed. Suggestions from o바카라사이트rs are dismissed before, in 바카라사이트 last few pages, we get 바카라사이트 author’s proposal for a statutory regulator (Ofsoc). Since “its remit would principally be concerned with 바카라사이트 financial probity of 바카라사이트 clubs”, however, this would do nothing to address 바카라사이트 problems of racism, globalisation, sexism and gambling that have been so compellingly detailed. There are highs and lows in every game. At 바카라사이트 very end, keeper Grant drops 바카라사이트 ball. Never바카라사이트less, this is a book of two halves with plenty of worthwhile material in 바카라사이트 good half.
Stephen Mumford is professor of metaphysics at Durham University.
Political Football: Regulation, Globalization and 바카라사이트 Market
By Wyn Grant
Agenda, 192pp, ?60.00 (hardback) and ?19.99
ISBN 9781788213509 (hardback) and 9781788213516
Published 27 May 2021
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