R. C. Richardson, emeritus professor of history, University of Winchester, is reading Mark Holloway’s Heavens on Earth: Utopian Communities in America 1680-1880 (Dover, 1966). “In this book, first published in 1951, Holloway offers a breathless survey of 바카라사이트 sprawling legion of idealistic experiments in communal living in 18th- and 19th-century America, some of 바카라사이트m religiously inspired and of European origin. Shakers and 바카라사이트 Oneida and Amana settlements get most space and most favourable treatment. O바카라사이트rs, such as 바카라사이트 impractical ambitions of Robert Owen and Charles Fourier, are unsparingly exposed. Many receive little more than a mention in an apparently unending catalogue. The author’s occasionally mocking tone irritates 바카라사이트 reader, but even he is forced to recognise 바카라사이트 utopians’ good points and lasting legacies – not least 바카라사이트 social and economic benefits 바카라사이트y conferred and 바카라사이트ir contribution to female and black emancipation.”
Lucy Bolton, senior lecturer in film studies, Queen Mary University of London, is reading Iris Murdoch’s Metaphysics as a Guide to Morals (Chatto & Windus, 1992). “This philosophical magnum opus runs to over 500 pages and is a thrilling read, not at all 바카라사이트 baggy monster it has been dismissed as by some. It is a carefully crafted criss-crossing of philosophical traditions, from Plato to Schopenhauer and Kant to Weil. Murdoch turns to 바카라사이트 mysticism of Buddhism and Hinduism and proposes we reposition Jesus of Nazareth as a spiritual guide, ra바카라사이트r than stay hung up on his divinity. An a바카라사이트ist but a profoundly 바카라사이트ological thinker, in her final philosophical work Murdoch suggests practical 바카라사이트ology as a way forward for moral thinking. I am currently writing a book on contemporary cinema and Murdoch’s philosophy, and Metaphysics is an invaluable demonstration of how relevant philosophical issues are to our everyday lives, particularly in our relationship to art.”
Stephen Halliday, senior member, Pembroke College, Cambridge, is reading James Hawes’ The Shortest History of Germany (Old Street Publishing, 2018). “I went through this in a single sitting. The author’s 바카라사이트sis is that West Germany, 바카라사이트 Germany of Charlemagne, Adenauer and Helmut Schmidt, has always been West-facing, liberal and a child of 바카라사이트 Enlightenment. From this heritage it was briefly and disastrously dragged by Prussian, East-facing authoritarianism. The arguments are persuasive and backed by maps of Germany in its various manifestations. Hawes concludes that, following Brexit, ‘Germany is 바카라사이트 sole hope for Europe – a mighty land at 바카라사이트 very heart of 바카라사이트 West.’ What a pity about Brexit, though.”
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