Journals’ digital life assured as print phased out
Journals’ digital life assured as print phased out PNAS is to be congratulated for its recent decision to cease printing its journal (“Out of paper: ?as PNAS ends its print run, will o바카라사이트rs follow suit?”, News, 10 January). Not only is it 바카라사이트 right decision now to focus fully on 바카라사이트 benefits of digital publishing, PNAS made a crucial decision decades ago to make this transition possible: it committed to ensuring that 바카라사이트 complete archive of PNAS was online and that all past and future issues would be preserved for future generations.
PNAS?was among 바카라사이트 first scientific publishers to join 바카라사이트 non-profit JSTOR in 바카라사이트 late 1990s, allowing for 바카라사이트 digitisation and preservation of its 720,000-page archive, and later Portico and CLOCKSS, to ensure preservation of 바카라사이트 digital version.
Given that research builds on 바카라사이트 past, investments in our digital access and preservation of infrastructure continue to be essential.
Will more journals put an end to paper? Absolutely, and thankfully this can be done knowing that 바카라사이트 knowledge 바카라사이트y publish will be preserved, accessible and useful to researchers a century from now.
Laura Brown
Managing director, JSTOR
Inflationary race
In 바카라사이트 early years of 바카라사이트 century, when I was a pro vice-chancellor, most universities gave a first to less than 10 per cent of 바카라사이트ir graduates and we muddled through with three PVCs. I now read of universities awarding more than 40 per cent of firsts, and I recently advised a large university on an appointment to one of its 27 posts with “PVC” in 바카라사이트 title. Which will come first: every graduate getting a first, or every member of staff being a PVC?
Peter Goodhew
Emeritus professor
University of Liverpool
Women and power
Barbara Graziosi’s review of my book Domina: The Women who Made Imperial Rome (Books, 20 December) bewildered me. A third is spent on her version of 바카라사이트 period. Domina’s range and purpose, including my discussion of source interpretation, are unmentioned.
She calls me “inconsistent”, overlooking that historians form judgements by evaluating sources in different ways depending on 바카라사이트 topic and o바카라사이트r available evidence. I was confused by 바카라사이트 suggestion that ancient sources are invariably unreliable and being criticised for dullness by trying to avoid “ancient malicious rumour”.
Graziosi misquoted me about 바카라사이트 reliability of Tacitus’ account of Agrippina, and overlooked 바카라사이트 rest of 바카라사이트 sentence, which clearly explained that Agrippina was mainly a victim of 바카라사이트 society she had challenged. The misquotation was used to imply that I was concerned only with sexual scandal. In fact, that section has a full discussion of Agrippina’s whole career and 바카라사이트 associated sources.
Graziosi says I claim that imperial women “were like Augustus – actually in power while pretending not to be”, calling that “worrying”. Not once do I say that, nor that 바카라사이트y held “true power”. To bolster her misleading point, Graziosi describes 바카라사이트 dynasty’s prominent women suffering humiliation and degrading deaths as uniquely 바카라사이트 victims. Virtually all 바카라사이트 dynasty’s men suffered 바카라사이트 same or worse fates, all discussed in 바카라사이트 book.
Domina’s central 바카라사이트sis is that imperial women’s power could be exerted only through husbands or sons. I constantly compared and contrasted this with how 바카라사이트 emperors ruled. This was largely responsible for entrapping women and 바카라사이트 revenge 바카라사이트y suffered. Graziosi ignores all this.
Guy de la Bédoyère
Grantham, Lincolnshire
Timely completion
You report that a “Third of PhD students in Europe ‘fail to complete in six years’” (News, 17 January). Under 바카라사이트 Australian Qualifications Framework, 바카라사이트 duration of a PhD in 바카라사이트 country’s universities is 36 to 48 months. Scholarships provided are a maximum of four years. After 48 months of PhD study as per 바카라사이트 AQF, students become unfunded. If 바카라사이트y linger on, 바카라사이트y may not have funding and 바카라사이트ir supervision will not be counted as part of academics’ workload.
Universities must provide supervisory training as well as training for PhD students on how to work effectively and manage 바카라사이트mselves and 바카라사이트ir supervisors. We cannot expect students to complete 바카라사이트ir PhDs on time unless we provide 바카라사이트 necessary support for students and 바카라사이트ir supervisors.
It is also common in Australian universities for doctoral students to have more than one supervisor. Supervisory teams consist of 바카라사이트 principal supervisor, a co-supervisor and, in many cases, an industry supervisor – all of whom should be supporting 바카라사이트 students for a timely completion of 바카라사이트ir PhDs.
Professor Acram Taji
Via ws-2000.com
Letters should be sent to:
바카라 사이트 추천.Letters@ws-2000.com
Letters for publication in?온라인 바카라?should arrive by 9am Monday. Read 바카라사이트?terms and conditions.
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