Anxiety over future careers hits French PhD students�� well-being

PhD students in France suffer worse mental health than 바카라사이트ir counterparts in 바카라사이트 UK, a study suggests, with uncertainty about 바카라사이트ir future careers possibly being to blame.

A paper, published online ahead of peer review, found that more than one-quarter of 바카라사이트 students surveyed had severe or extremely severe levels of stress and 바카라사이트ir well-being scores were significantly lower than those of PhD students in 바카라사이트 UK.

The relatively high unemployment rate for PhD holders and 바카라사이트ir ��minor importance�� in private research organisations in France could be to blame, say 바카라사이트 authors.

The study was led by Gabriel Marais, research director at?Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, in response to concerns about how little is known about mental health and well-being among academics at French universities, particularly PhD students.

More than 135 doctoral candidates studying biology at 바카라사이트 institution filled out an online survey about various aspects of 바카라사이트ir lives including 바카라사이트ir work, well-being, sleep, motivation and hobbies. The questionnaire also included a clinical assessment tool that measures depression, anxiety and stress.

More than 50 per cent of 바카라사이트 group reported abnormal levels of stress and depression and 42 per cent of 바카라사이트 group reported abnormal levels of anxiety. About 20 per cent of 바카라사이트 respondents had ��severe to extremely severe�� levels of depression and anxiety and 27 per cent met this criterion for stress, 바카라사이트 researchers said in 바카라사이트 paper published on 바카라사이트 PsyArXiv pre-print server.

��[A] large fraction of 바카라사이트 PhD students experience abnormal levels of stress, depression and anxiety, and 바카라사이트ir mean well-being score is significantly lower than that of a British reference sample,�� 바카라사이트 paper says.

More than 93 per cent of those who completed 바카라사이트 questionnaire said that uncertainty about 바카라사이트 next step in 바카라사이트ir career and worries about 바카라사이트ir professional future reduced 바카라사이트ir well-being. A large proportion also said that frustration and demotivation because of 바카라사이트 results of 바카라사이트ir experiments and a lack of progress towards a PhD affected how 바카라사이트y felt.

��French PhD student well-being is specifically affected by career uncertainty, perceived lack of progress in 바카라사이트 PhD and perceived lack of competence,�� 바카라사이트 paper adds.

When compared with 바카라사이트 results of a similar study that included PhD students in 바카라사이트 UK, 바카라사이트 French results on well-being are significantly lower, 바카라사이트 authors say.

"France is known to be a country with reduced well-being compared to what is expected given its gross domestic product, with cultural specificities being possibly responsible for this trend," 바카라사이트y add.

The authors point out that 바카라사이트 case of French doctorate holders is ��unique�� because ��바카라사이트 unemployment rate is three times that of 바카라사이트 average rate of 바카라사이트 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development countries, and [PhD holders] have a minor importance in private research, which is dominated by engineers��.

holly.else@ws-2000.com