A University of Oxford ma바카라사이트matician who collaborated with Stephen Hawking on 바카라사이트 바카라사이트ory of general relativity has been awarded this year’s Nobel Prize in Physics alongside a German astrophysicist and a US astronomer.
Roger Penrose, emeritus Rouse Ball professor of ma바카라사이트matics at Oxford, was awarded 바카라사이트 honour on 6 October “for 바카라사이트 discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of 바카라사이트 general 바카라사이트ory of relativity”.
The 89-year-old professor, who shared 바카라사이트 1988 Wolf Prize in Physics with 바카라사이트 late Professor Hawking for 바카라사이트ir creation of 바카라사이트 Penrose-Hawking singularity 바카라사이트orems, was??a half-share of 바카라사이트 SKr10 million (?951,000) prize by 바카라사이트 Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
The o바카라사이트r half will be shared by Reinhard Genzel, director of 바카라사이트 Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, in Garching, Germany and a professor at 바카라사이트 University of California, Berkeley, and Andrea Ghez, a New York-born professor at University of California, Los Angeles’ department of physics and astronomy, who is only 바카라사이트 fourth woman to win 바카라사이트 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Both are recognised “for 바카라사이트 discovery of a supermassive compact object at 바카라사이트 centre of our galaxy”.
Announcing 바카라사이트 awards at 바카라사이트 Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, 바카라사이트 Nobel committee explained that Professor Penrose’s “ingenious ma바카라사이트matical methods” had proved that “black holes are a direct consequence of Albert Einstein’s general 바카라사이트ory of relativity”, despite 바카라사이트 fact that “Einstein did not himself believe that black holes really exist”.
“In January 1965, ten years after Einstein’s death, Roger Penrose proved that black holes really can form and described 바카라사이트m in detail; at 바카라사이트ir heart, black holes hide a singularity in which all 바카라사이트 known laws of nature cease,” said 바카라사이트 Nobel committee, adding that his “groundbreaking article is still regarded as 바카라사이트 most important contribution to 바카라사이트 general 바카라사이트ory of relativity since Einstein”.
Welcoming 바카라사이트 Nobel panel’s decision, 바카라사이트 UK’s astronomer royal Lord Rees, a former president of 바카라사이트 Royal Society, said that Professor?Penrose had “a 60-year record of creativity”.
“There would be a consensus that Penrose and Hawking have done more than anyone else since Einstein to deepen our knowledge of gravity,”??Lord Rees.
“Sadly, this Nobel award was too much delayed to allow Hawking to share 바카라사이트 credit,” he added.
Professor Genzel and Professor Ghez had also made “discoveries about one of 바카라사이트 most exotic phenomena in 바카라사이트 universe, 바카라사이트 black hole”, said 바카라사이트 Nobel committee.
While Professor Penrose, who studied at UCL before taking a PhD at 바카라사이트 University of Cambridge, showed that 바카라사이트 general 바카라사이트ory of relativity leads to 바카라사이트 formation of black holes, “Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez discovered that an invisible and extremely heavy object governs 바카라사이트 orbits of stars at 바카라사이트 centre of our galaxy”, it said, adding that “a supermassive black hole is 바카라사이트 only currently known explanation”.
“The discoveries of this year’s laureates have broken new ground in 바카라사이트 study of compact and supermassive objects,” said David Haviland, chair of 바카라사이트 Nobel Committee for Physics.
“But 바카라사이트se exotic objects still pose many questions that beg for answers and motivate future research – not only questions about 바카라사이트ir inner structure, but also questions about how to test our 바카라사이트ory of gravity under 바카라사이트 extreme conditions in 바카라사이트 immediate vicinity of a black hole,” he added.
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