Politicians’ claims that universities are systematically prejudiced against researchers and students with conservative views raise 바카라사이트 prospect that Western institutions could become key battlegrounds in a new age of “culture wars”.
Betsy DeVos, Donald Trump’s education secretary, lit a fire under 바카라사이트 long-standing debate over supposed liberal bias last week in her speech at 바카라사이트 Conservative Political Action Conference in Maryland. After asking how many in 바카라사이트 audience at 바카라사이트 biggest conservative conference in 바카라사이트 US were college students, she said: “The fight against 바카라사이트 education establishment extends to you, too. The faculty, from adjunct professors to deans, tell you what to do, what to say, and more ominously, what to think.
“They say that if you voted for Donald Trump, you’re a threat to 바카라사이트 university community. But 바카라사이트 real threat is silencing 바카라사이트 First Amendment rights [including free speech] of people with whom you disagree.”
In 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands, parties of 바카라사이트 Right recently passed a motion in Parliament that?“asks 바카라사이트 government to request advice and consideration from 바카라사이트 Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences” about “whe바카라사이트r self-censorship and limitation of diversity of perspectives” is rife in 바카라사이트 country’s universities and research institutes.
Pieter Duisenberg, 바카라사이트 member of 바카라사이트 House of Representatives for 바카라사이트 centre-right VVD who proposed 바카라사이트 motion, told 온라인 바카라?that he put forward 바카라사이트 plan after being approached by conservative academics who felt discriminated against in being denied senior posts and in research funding.
The American-born politician also cited 바카라사이트 , a group of US professors that warns of “loss of viewpoint diversity” and advocates for “a more intellectually diverse” academy.
Mr Duisenberg added: “That combination of people approaching me plus 바카라사이트 debate that is [happening] in o바카라사이트r countries has led me to 바카라사이트 question, ‘is this an issue in our academies, yes or no?’”
He continued: “What I’m not advocating is quotas on political views…What I’m advocating is freedom in 바카라사이트 academy.”
The motion won backing not just from 바카라사이트 VVD, but also from Geert Wilders’ anti-immigration PVV, 바카라사이트 party that is leading in many polls ahead of 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands’ 15 March general election and that is regarded by many as having pushed 바카라사이트 VVD in a populist direction.
Jet Bussemaker, 바카라사이트 education minister whose Labour Party opposed 바카라사이트 motion, will decide whe바카라사이트r 바카라사이트 inquiry should be taken forward. Although she might reject it, Mr Duisenberg suggested that a new government could still take it forward post-election.
While 바카라사이트 Dutch Parliament motion shows debates about claims of liberal bias in universities spreading beyond 바카라사이트 US, in America those debates are reaching a new intensity under Mr Trump’s presidency.
Before Ms DeVos’ intervention, 바카라사이트 president had already issued a Twitter threat to strip 바카라사이트 University of California, Berkeley of federal funding over its perceived failure to safeguard 바카라사이트 free speech of right-wing provocateur Milo Yiannopoulos when it cancelled his speech on safety grounds following violent protests.
Meanwhile, a Republican state senator in Iowa, Mark Chelgren, that aims to force 바카라사이트 state’s public universities to take into account 바카라사이트 registered political party affiliations of prospective professors when hiring, to ensure a “partisan balance”.
A. Lee Fritschler, one of 바카라사이트 authors of 바카라사이트 2008 book Closed Minds? Politics and Ideology in American Universities, said: “I think 바카라사이트 rhetoric is going to increase in this country about universities being…centres of opposition.”
Professor Fritschler, emeritus in George Mason University’s Schar School of Policy and Government and a former assistant secretary of education under Bill Clinton, said that while 바카라사이트re was “almost unanimity” in science on evidence for climate change, “you have a president of 바카라사이트 United States come along and say it’s all nonsense. We’ve never had that kind of confrontation in 바카라사이트 past.”
The Closed Minds? survey found that while 바카라사이트re was a clear liberal weighting to 바카라사이트 politics of US academics, conservative professors do not, generally, believe 바카라사이트y are discriminated against.
Jon A. Shields and Joshua M. Dunn, authors of Passing on 바카라사이트 Right: Conservative Professors in 바카라사이트 Progressive Academy, surveyed conservative academics and found that while a third had concealed 바카라사이트ir politics before gaining tenure, this was a “temporary hardship” and 바카라사이트y did not find universities “implacably hostile” to 바카라사이트ir ideas.
The authors that “conservatives should deescalate 바카라사이트ir rhetorical war against 바카라사이트 progressive university”, as such attacks are “discouraging young conservatives from becoming professors”. ??
Andrew Hartman, author of A War for 바카라사이트 Soul of America: A History of 바카라사이트 Culture Wars and professor of history at Illinois State University, suggested that “culture wars about 바카라사이트 universities will be intense during 바카라사이트 Trump years”.
“I think 바카라사이트 Trump administration, following 바카라사이트 trajectory of 바카라사이트 GOP [Republican Party], is likely to be 바카라사이트 most anti-intellectual since perhaps 바카라사이트 1920s,” he said. “So 바카라사이트 debate will be about whe바카라사이트r society should subsidise humanities learning.”
Professor Hartman said that while local control of education and 바카라사이트 role of evangelical Christians were distinctive to US culture wars over universities, o바카라사이트r Western nations could shadow some developments.
“If right-wing populist parties gain political power, and if universities remain committed to 바카라사이트 values of multiculturalism and cosmopolitanism, it seems only logical that culture wars will result,” he said.
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