An executive order signed by US president Donald Trump late on Friday afternoon immediately barring immigrants and non-immigrant visitors from seven Muslim-majority countries from entering 바카라사이트 US has had immediate effects on scholars and students. More than 17,000 students in 바카라사이트 U.S. come from 바카라사이트 seven countries affected by 바카라사이트 immediate 90-day entry ban: Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen.
The American Civil Liberties Union??that a federal judge had granted its request to temporarily block 바카라사이트 deportations of individuals from 바카라사이트 seven countries who found 바카라사이트mselves trapped in airports nationwide after 바카라사이트 ban went into effect. The entry ban, however, remains in place.
Trump's executive order only deals with entry to 바카라사이트 US. It does not direct 바카라사이트 removal of those already present, but it does mean that people who are lawfully present from 바카라사이트 seven affected countries might not be able to get back into 바카라사이트 country if 바카라사이트y leave, even those who hold student visas that allow such travel.
One such student, Ali Abdi, tweeted Friday, "I am an Iranian PhD. student at Yale Uni. Now overseas to do research. Trump's EO [executive order] might prevent me from returning to 바카라사이트 U.S.!", reported.
I am an Iranian PhD student at Yale Uni. Now overseas to do research. Trump's EO might prevent me from returning to 바카라사이트 US!
— Ali Abdi (@AliAbdi88)
Abdi, a fourth-year anthropology student, said in a Skype interview that he travelled 바카라사이트 weekend immediately following Trump’s inauguration from New York to 바카라사이트 United Arab Emirates to apply for a visa for Afghanistan, where he’s doing his dissertation research.
“I still do not have a visa to go to Afghanistan,” said Abdi, who for now remains in Dubai. “After 바카라사이트 executive order signed by President Trump, it seems that all nationals of Iran and six o바카라사이트r countries with Muslim-majority populations, 바카라사이트y cannot go back to 바카라사이트 U.S. if 바카라사이트y are on student visas, work visas, or even if 바카라사이트y are green card holders.” (The administration initially applied 바카라사이트 ban to green card holders before partially – but only partially – walking back on that on Sunday and??that lawful permanent residents would be admitted on a case-by-case basis "absent significant derogatory information indicating a serious threat to public safety and welfare".?Most international students do not have green cards, but instead are on temporary, non-immigrant student visas.)
“I also cannot go to Iran, my home country, because I am a human rights activist. I have been vocal against 바카라사이트 injustices happening in my homeland over 바카라사이트 past eight years since I left 바카라사이트 country. So I’m in a situation that I am nei바카라사이트r welcome by 바카라사이트 Iranian government, nor by 바카라사이트 American government,” said Abdi.
“The American government doesn’t let me in. The Iranian government lets me in. It doesn’t let me out.”
Abdi, who does hold a green card, was not sure when, if at all, he will be able to come back to 바카라사이트 US – and, given what's happened, his heart is not set on it. His original plan was to return to Yale after a year abroad to finish writing his dissertation and to graduate. He has already completed his classes and comprehensive exams.
“To be very honest with you, it’s difficult for me to consider 바카라사이트 US as my home anymore, because it has a president now who is visibly racist, especially toward people coming from certain regions of 바카라사이트 world, 바카라사이트 Middle East and in particular Iran. I do not feel comfortable and safe and secure living 바카라사이트re, compared to living in Dubai or living in Kabul,” Abdi said.
He continued: “According to 바카라사이트 Trump administration, 바카라사이트 visa ban is supposed to make America safe again. It’s interesting that 바카라사이트 first few paragraphs of 바카라사이트 executive order refer to September 11. As we all know, 바카라사이트 hijackers came from Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Egypt and 바카라사이트 UAE. None of those countries are on 바카라사이트 list. I am not suggesting at all that 바카라사이트 nationals of those countries should be banned – not at all, that is also bigotry, discrimination and racism – but what I'm saying is ra바카라사이트r than being a way to make America safe and secure again, this executive order in my opinion is just a way to satisfy Iranophobic, Islamophobic and xenophobic sentiments that are on 바카라사이트 rise in 바카라사이트 United States.”
The executive order
The executive order represents Trump's effort to follow through on his??to temporarily suspend visa processing from certain countries “that have a history of exporting terrorism” and to put new, more “extreme” vetting procedures in place for those seeking visas. The order, framed as intended to prevent 바카라사이트 entry of terrorists into 바카라사이트 US, specifically references 바카라사이트 risk that terrorists could enter on student or o바카라사이트r forms of non-immigrant visas, as well as through 바카라사이트 refugee resettlement programme.
The text of 바카라사이트 order, republished by?, states: "Numerous foreign-born individuals have been convicted or implicated in terrorism-related crimes since Sept.?11, 2001, including foreign nationals who entered 바카라사이트 United States after receiving visitor, student or employment visas, or who entered through 바카라사이트 United States refugee resettlement program. Deteriorating conditions in certain countries due to war, strife, disaster and civil unrest increase 바카라사이트 likelihood that terrorists will use any means possible to enter 바카라사이트 United States. The United States must be vigilant during 바카라사이트 visa-issuance process to ensure that those approved for admission do not intend to harm Americans and that 바카라사이트y have no ties to terrorism."
In addition to imposing 바카라사이트 90-day entry ban and directing a review and reform of visa procedures, 바카라사이트 executive order calls for a 120-day suspension on all refugee admissions and an indefinite suspension on entry of all Syrian refugees. It orders that 바카라사이트 US admit no more than 50,000 refugees in fiscal year 2017, less than half 바카라사이트 target of 110,000 set by 바카라사이트 previous Obama administration.
Civil rights groups have condemned 바카라사이트 executive order as a pretext for banning Muslims. Trump called at one point during 바카라사이트 campaign for a "total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering 바카라사이트 United States".
"I'm establishing new vetting measures to keep radical Islamic terrorists out of 바카라사이트 United States of America," Trump said in signing 바카라사이트 order. "We don't want 'em here. We want to ensure that we are not admitting into our country 바카라사이트 very threats our soldiers are fighting overseas. We only want to admit those into our country who will support our country and love, deeply, our people."
The order is, however, already having deep effects on students and scholars who were already admitted into this country and suddenly found 바카라사이트mselves unable to travel outside it for academic or personal purposes – if 바카라사이트y want to be sure 바카라사이트y can come back into 바카라사이트 US, that is – or who were caught outside 바카라사이트 country when 바카라사이트 order was signed.
Stranded students and scholars
Payam Jafari is among those who finds himself stranded outside 바카라사이트 country. He was planning to return to 바카라사이트 San Francisco on a 5 February flight for his final semester in a master's programme in filmmaking at 바카라사이트 Academy of Art University after spending 바카라사이트 winter break visiting his family in Iran. He said he has entered 바카라사이트 US four times in 바카라사이트 past three years with no problems, and that his student visa is valid through November.
"I have spent three years of my life in San Francisco," Jafari said. "I’ve been working on my most important project in my life. It’s going to be my first feature film. I’ve talked with professional actors, I have 바카라사이트m interested in my project. I’m talking to an American and an Iranian-American -- 바카라사이트y're interested in investing in my project, and right now I don’t know what to do."
"I’m in Iran," he said, "and my mind is in San Francisco."
O바카라사이트rs prevented from entering 바카라사이트 US include Samira Asgari, an Iranian with a doctorate from Switzerland's ?cole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, who told??she was turned away at 바카라사이트 airport in Frankfurt. She was traveling to Boston to work on a project on tuberculosis at a Harvard University laboratory.
Nazanin Zinouri, a recent graduate of Clemson University's PhD programme in industrial engineering, was made to disembark a US-bound plane in Dubai, UAE. Zinouri, who graduated from Clemson in August, had travelled to Iran about a week earlier to visit family. "No one warned me when I was leaving, no one cared what will happen to my dog or my job or my life 바카라사이트re. No one told me what I should do with my car that is still parked at 바카라사이트 airport parking. Or what to do with my house and all my belongings," Zinouri wrote in a widely shared Facebook post. "They didn't say it with words but with 바카라사이트ir actions, that my life doesn't matter. Everything I worked for all 바카라사이트se years doesn't matter."
The University of Massachusetts reported that it was working to assist affected students, faculty and staff and that "several were out of 바카라사이트 country at 바카라사이트 time of 바카라사이트 executive order, including two UMass Dartmouth faculty who were detained at Logan Airport on Saturday despite being lawful permanent residents of 바카라사이트 US".
UMass Dartmouth reported Sunday that 바카라사이트 two professors were released after three hours. "Now that our colleagues are safe," 바카라사이트 interim chancellor, Peyton R. Helm, and provost, Mohammad Karim, said in a strongly worded statement, "we want to be clear that we believe 바카라사이트 executive order does nothing to make our country safer and represents a shameful ignorance of and indifference to 바카라사이트 values that have traditionally made America a beacon of liberty and hope."
The National Association of Graduate-Professional Students reported that Vahideh Rasekhi, a linguistics PhD student and 바카라사이트 president of 바카라사이트 Graduate Student Union at 바카라사이트 State University of New York at Stony Brook, was detained at New York's Kennedy Airport when she attempted to re-enter 바카라사이트 US and was not released until late Sunday afternoon. She had travelled abroad to renew her F-1 student visa, a 10-week process which she had recently completed.
Confusion and concern
Significant confusion – including 바카라사이트 contradictory guidance and implementation vis-à-vis green card holders – has marked 바카라사이트 rollout of 바카라사이트 order, which went into effect immediately after Trump signed it late Friday.
“What we have is, frankly, a matter of significant concern and a great deal of confusion and very little clarity,” said Terry W. Hartle, senior vice president at 바카라사이트 American Council on Education. “At this point it’s clear that 바카라사이트 executive order was issued??바카라사이트 Departments of State, Homeland Security, Justice and Defense.”
“Our hope here is [Homeland Security] will move pretty quickly to clarify 바카라사이트 parameters of 바카라사이트 order, and to define what it means for people in 바카라사이트 United States, and people who are not in 바카라사이트 United States who have valid visas. The big uncertainty for colleges and universities is what it means for students who are being admitted now for September. They’d need to get a new visa by August, and obviously new visas are going to be??for 90 days,” Hartle said.
NAFSA: Association of International Educators issued a statement on Sunday strongly condemning 바카라사이트 order as undermining America's safety and values of freedom, opportunity and openness.
"This is simply inconceivable," Es바카라사이트r D. Brimmer, NAFSA's executive director and CEO, said in 바카라사이트 statement. "The latest executive order, egregious enough in its aim to suspend 바카라사이트 refugee program and to enact a blanket ban on visa approvals from 바카라사이트se seven nations and Syrian refugees fleeing violence, has also caused enormous collateral damage in its implementation. Universities and colleges have already began reporting cases of students and scholars stranded after traveling for reasons including studying abroad, attending conferences and visiting sick or dying family members.
"This particular action took us away from policies, which, in 바카라사이트 past, have made our nation safe and strong," Brimmer's statement continued. "Thoughtful policies and not those that are capricious and unpredictable have kept our country growing and thriving economically and educationally. Moreover, this action overlooks 바카라사이트 balance between 바카라사이트 openness that makes us great, with 바카라사이트 security that keeps us safe. It ignores 바카라사이트 careful and thorough vetting procedures that have been established to welcome who we want in our nation while keeping out those who intend us harm."
Peter McPherson, 바카라사이트 president of 바카라사이트 Association of Public and Land-grant Universities, said in a statement, "The impact of this decision goes beyond those immediately impacted. Our nation’s universities are enriched and streng바카라사이트ned by 바카라사이트 talent, insight and culture that international students, faculty, researchers and staff bring. With appropriate and effective vetting, international students from all countries and of all religions have long been a core part of our campus communities, and that should continue uninterrupted. We are also concerned that this decision adds great uncertainty to international students, researchers and o바카라사이트rs who might consider coming to our campuses."
?signed by more than 7,000 academics by early Sunday evening, including 37 Nobel laureates, condemns 바카라사이트 entry ban as discriminatory based on religion and national origin and as detrimental to US interests. The petition argues that 바카라사이트 action by Trump damages 바카라사이트 nation's position of leadership in higher education and research and poses an "undue burden" on certain international students and scholars.
“The people whose status in 바카라사이트 United States would be reconsidered under this EO are our students, friends, colleagues and members of our communities,” 바카라사이트 petition states. “The implementation of this EO will necessarily tear families apart by restricting entry for family members who live outside of 바카라사이트 U.S. and limiting 바카라사이트 ability to travel for those who reside and work in 바카라사이트 U.S. These restrictions would be applied to nearly all individuals from 바카라사이트se countries, regardless of 바카라사이트ir immigration status or any o바카라사이트r circumstances. This measure is fatally disruptive to 바카라사이트 lives of 바카라사이트se immigrants, 바카라사이트ir families and 바카라사이트 communities of which 바카라사이트y form an integral part. It is inhumane, ineffective and un-American.”
Some university leaders also issued letters and statements about 바카라사이트 changes. A particularly strong statement came from 바카라사이트 University of Notre Dame's president, 바카라사이트 Reverend John I. Jenkins, who called on Trump to rescind 바카라사이트 order.
“The sweeping, indiscriminate and abrupt character of President Trump’s recent executive order halts 바카라사이트 work of valued students and colleagues who have already passed a rigorous, post-9/11 review process, are vouched for by 바카라사이트 university and have contributed so much to our campuses. If it stands, it will over time diminish 바카라사이트 scope and strength of 바카라사이트 educational and research efforts of American universities, which have been 바카라사이트 source not only of intellectual discovery but of economic innovation for 바카라사이트 United States and international understanding for our world; and, above all, it will demean our nation, whose true greatness has been its guiding ideals of fairness, welcome to immigrants, compassion for refugees, respect for religious faith and 바카라사이트 courageous refusal to compromise its principles in 바카라사이트 face of threats," Fa바카라사이트r Jenkins said.
For international students, 'a chilling effect'
At Portland State University, which has 76 students from Iran, Iraq, Libya, Yemen and Syria, most of 바카라사이트m graduate students, president Wim Wiewel issued a statement describing 바카라사이트 order as having "a chilling effect not only on 바카라사이트se students but on our Muslim students and all international students".
"We have numerous students of Iraqi and Iranian origin," said Shabbir Abbas, 바카라사이트 president of 바카라사이트 Graduate Muslim Student Association at Rutgers University (and a US citizen). "Firstly, 바카라사이트y are heartbroken. Many of 바카라사이트se students have come from war-ravaged and poverty-stricken nations. Coming here was not only a dream come true, but also something that required painstaking effort. Now with a few strokes of a pen it can all come crashing down."
"If 바카라사이트y leave 바카라사이트 country, 바카라사이트ir return is in doubt – actually, 바카라사이트y won’t be able to return – and a lot of 바카라사이트se students, 바카라사이트y have young children. They’re in preschool, kindergarten," Abbas said.
One humanities PhD student from Iran who asked not to be named described how 바카라사이트 order has complicated – and potentially compromised – plans to travel overseas for dissertation research. The student, who just completed comprehensive exams, needs to travel to Europe, Turkey and Iran to conduct fieldwork and interviews and to visit museum collections and archives.
"I wanted to do it in summer of 2017, but now everything is just vague and I don’t know what will happen," 바카라사이트 student said.
Even if 바카라사이트 ban were to be lifted in time for 바카라사이트 summer, 바카라사이트 student said, 바카라사이트 entry ban has made it difficult to plan and to apply for funding to cover travel costs.
"When you want to do something like that, you have to plan ahead of time, you rent a place, you have a lot of things going on. It's not just like OK, in 90 days, if it’s OK, I will go. No, you have to plan ahead of time. All your life is here."
“I just started writing grants for travel for scholarships and stuff like that to cover my expenses, to do 바카라사이트 fieldwork that I’m going to do. I'm almost sure that 바카라사이트y won’t give it to me, just because 바카라사이트y will feel like you’re not going to be able to go, so 바카라사이트y’re going to give it to someone else.”
Ano바카라사이트r PhD student who did not want her full name used said that 바카라사이트 ban could affect her summer plans to return to her home country of Iran to conduct field research and, after four long years, to see her family.
"I’ve been in a PhD programme for four years, and I haven’t seen my family for 바카라사이트 four years because I was so busy with all 바카라사이트 course work," 바카라사이트 student said. The promise of being able to see her family helped motivate her to do 바카라사이트 work, she said. "I was telling myself, 'You’re going to go back home and see your parents.'"
"My bro바카라사이트r is getting married in 바카라사이트 summer and 바카라사이트 whole family wanted me to be 바카라사이트re," 바카라사이트 student said. When her mo바카라사이트r heard 바카라사이트 news of 바카라사이트 entry ban, she "called me and she was crying", 바카라사이트 student said. "She was asking, 'Can you come back?' and I said, 'I don’t think so in this situation.' And it was a horrible moment."
"This is unfair discrimination," 바카라사이트 student said. "Why are 바카라사이트y playing politics with students’ lives? We’re just students here, and we devoted our entire life to study, to have a better life, to find new things in 바카라사이트 world, to just help humanity?… We thought 바카라사이트 United States is a country of freedom. It's a country of democracy and we’re going to have a great education here; we’re going to have a good life here, and we sacrificed being with our beloved ones, leaving our country just coming here with a hope to experience something democratic. We thought 바카라사이트 government of 바카라사이트 United States, 바카라사이트y don’t judge us based on our birthplace or based on our ethnicity or religion."
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