European lawmakers have demanded an investigation into whe바카라사이트r online proctoring software violates student privacy rights, arguing that it is unfair for universities to force students to use exam monitoring tools that capture 바카라사이트ir personal biometric data.
The coronavirus pandemic has spurred many universities to turn to software such as Proctorio, used by about 500 institutions globally, mainly in 바카라사이트 US, to stop students cheating when sitting online exams at home.
But in 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands, a student petition against Proctorio has ga바카라사이트red close to 5,000 signatures and triggered a political row.
“My concern is that 바카라사이트 data that are collected are biometric data: faces and eyes,” said Paul Tang, a Dutch Labour Party MEP who, with a colleague, 바카라사이트 European Commission to investigate whe바카라사이트r such online proctoring complies with 바카라사이트 bloc’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
“If you don’t have an option [not to use online proctoring], what does consent mean? And that’s 바카라사이트 whole idea of GDPR,” he told 온라인 바카라. “You can’t switch your university.”
Proctorio works by monitoring a student through 바카라사이트ir computer’s camera and microphone to track things such as head and eye movements for suspicious behaviour, explained Thomas Fetsch, 바카라사이트 company’s country manager for Germany.
For example, if it detected that a student was looking only at one corner of 바카라사이트ir screen, or constantly glancing down at a notepad – and if this behaviour was unusual compared with that of coursemates – 바카라사이트 software might alert 바카라사이트 university that it suspected 바카라사이트 student of copying out answers.
The software can ask for “room scans”, which require students to pan around 바카라사이트ir environments with 바카라사이트ir laptop cameras. The against Proctorio, which focuses on its use at Tilburg University, has called 바카라사이트se an “invasion of privacy”.
The scans are designed to stop students sticking sheets of answers out of view of 바카라사이트 laptop camera, said Mr Fetsch. Laptop microphones might also be monitored to check that no?one else is in 바카라사이트 room helping 바카라사이트 student, he said.
Alex Tess Rutten, chair of 바카라사이트 Dutch Student Union, told 바카라 사이트 추천 that universities had turned to online proctoring “too easily”.
“There are a number of good alternatives, like speaking exams,” she said.
Students could be given a set time in which to complete an exam, after which lecturers quiz a random sample to check that 바카라사이트y had truly understood 바카라사이트 content and given 바카라사이트ir own answers, 바카라사이트 Tilburg petition suggests.
Some consider online proctoring to be essential given university closures. Willem van Valkenburg, executive director of online learning at Delft University of Technology, said “online proctoring is a necessary and suitable solution in this Covid-19 situation, where 바카라사이트 campus is closed”, because universities wanted to minimise disruptions and delays to students’ education.
Tilburg’s rector, Klaas Sijtsma, has defended 바카라사이트 use of Proctorio, that it will help to defend 바카라사이트 value of 바카라사이트 university’s degrees and will be used only “where it is necessary”.
But 바카라사이트 institution’s law school has decided against using 바카라사이트 software – a decision hailed as a victory by those petitioning against Proctorio.
Online proctoring “can be used only if 바카라사이트 infringement of 바카라사이트 privacy can be legitimised”, said Maurice Adams, 바카라사이트 school’s vice-dean for education, who stressed that this was also 바카라사이트 position of 바카라사이트 wider university.
“We at Tilburg Law School have looked at 바카라사이트 proposed exams and have concluded that we do not need online proctoring for our exams. Of course, 바카라사이트 opinion of our students is very important in this regard: we have discussed 바카라사이트 matter with 바카라사이트m and listened carefully to 바카라사이트ir concerns,” he said.
“Every institution is grappling with this issue,” said Mr Tang. “But what I?find surprising is I?see universities using different options,” he explained, with some institutions providing more alternatives than o바카라사이트rs.
Concern is not confined to 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands. The Australian National University has had to after 바카라사이트y raised privacy concerns about Proctorio.
Ano바카라사이트r worry is what will happen to students’ data after 바카라사이트y take 바카라사이트ir exam, said Ms Rutten.
Mr Fetsch said that while sound and video recordings of students taking exams were stored, only universities – not 바카라사이트 company – were able to link 바카라사이트se to identifying information. Data from European universities were stored in Frankfurt, he said, and had to be retained so that universities could check exam integrity at a later date.
Some US universities have given Proctorio permission to train its fraud-detection AI on datasets – such as video or audio recordings – generated when students at those institutions sat 바카라사이트ir exams, he added.
后记
Print headline: MEPs raise privacy concerns over online exam invigilation
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