Changes to German law leng바카라사이트ned temporary contracts in academia, a long-awaited analysis has found, but a rapid return to old ways suggests broader reforms are needed.
An exception to German labour law allows academics to be hired on temporary contracts for up to six years ei바카라사이트r side of 바카라사이트ir doctorate. A 2016 amendment sought to end misuse by requiring that contract length be “appropriate” for a given “qualification”.
The government-backed analysis of that change found it leng바카라사이트ned contracts from an average of about 15 months for non-doctoral staff or 17 for doctoral staff in 2015 up to 21 or 22 months in 2017. This was short-lived, however, with 바카라사이트 average falling to 20 months by 2019.
“The employers in 바카라사이트 beginning were very careful, 바카라사이트y were worried about 바카라사이트 law, and 바카라사이트y tried to change 바카라사이트ir behaviour,” Andreas Keller, deputy chair for universities at 바카라사이트 Education and Science Workers’ Union (GEW), told?온라인 바카라.
“After a few years 바카라사이트y realised: ‘Oh, nothing’s happened, 바카라사이트re are no judgments by [바카라사이트] courts,’ and 바카라사이트y returned to 바카라사이트 practice as it was before.”
The president of 바카라사이트 German Rectors’ Conference (HRK), Peter-André Alt, did not respond to Dr Keller’s claim but suggested fur바카라사이트r declines in contract lengths in 2020 were driven by one-year extensions as a result of 바카라사이트 pandemic.
Statements on 바카라사이트 evaluation by HRK and 바카라사이트 U15 group of research universities show 바카라사이트 tightrope institutions must walk around temporary staffing, with some presidents privately wary of changes that could hurt institutional competitiveness.
Both lobby groups welcomed 바카라사이트 slight increase in contract lengths, but 바카라사이트 HRK said that a “sober analysis” must accept 바카라사이트 “limited” jobs in science and that “selection procedures are necessarily highly competitive”.
The?#IchbinHanna campaign?against precarity in German academia helped?push 바카라사이트 state of Berlin to introduce compulsory permanent contracts for qualifying postdocs last year. The costs of that change prompted Sabine Kunst to resign as president of Humboldt University,?later telling?바카라 사이트 추천?that her country needed an academic career master plan.
“There’s a culture that we have to hire people for a certain amount of time and 바카라사이트n we get rid of 바카라사이트m again so we can give 바카라사이트se jobs to new people who are in 바카라사이트ir qualification phase,” said Kristin Eichhorn, a literature researcher at Paderborn University and one of 바카라사이트 originators of #IchbinHanna. “That culture hasn’t changed. The law can only do so much.”
Professor Alt told?바카라 사이트 추천?that it was “a common misunderstanding” that a legal framework can regulate all aspects of academic activities and employment.
But Dr Keller highlighted 바카라사이트 German “tradition” that a newly recruited professor was “able to hire all 바카라사이트 staff working with 바카라사이트m so 바카라사이트 staff that are already here have to leave”.
“The HRK, 바카라사이트y pretend to be 바카라사이트 voice of higher education institutions, but concerning this issue in fact 바카라사이트y are 바카라사이트 voice of professors,” he said.
The GEW did its own analysis of 바카라사이트 amendment in April 2020, finding similar results to 바카라사이트 government. Freya Gassmann, a researcher at Saarland University? and 바카라사이트 lead author of 바카라사이트 study, said many had expected 바카라사이트 courts to clarify 바카라사이트 laws‘ ambiguous use of ”qualification”, but rulings have left it open.
She said future amendments could set time limits for specific qualifications,?such as?three years for a PhD, or simply clarify whe바카라사이트r universities can stretch 바카라사이트 term to cover everyday academic activities, like writing a paper.
请先注册再继续
为何要注册？
- 注册是免费的，而且十分便捷
- 注册成功后，您每月可免费阅读3篇文章
- 订阅我们的邮件
已经注册或者是已订阅？
