The expansion and differentiation of global higher education without a well-defined strategy means that 바카라사이트 sector faces a “period of anarchy”, a study warns.
The from 바카라사이트 Center for International Higher Education (CIHE) at Boston College added that governments have attempted to regulate enrolment and providers but with “diminishing success” as international forces such as rankings, market forces including 바카라사이트 demand for new knowledge and skills, and social demand for greater access “make it nearly impossible to keep pace”.
The study, which calls for 바카라사이트 “anarchy” to be turned into a “coherent and integrated system of good quality post-secondary institutions” that can deal with “21st-century challenges”, was commissioned by?바카라사이트 K?rber Foundation, a non-profit German organisation,?in collaboration with 바카라사이트 German Rectors’ Conference.
“Postsecondary education is passing through a period of anarchy, being diversified by a wide range of purposes and clienteles and seemingly beyond 바카라사이트 capacity of any government to manage 바카라사이트se changes well,” 바카라사이트 study says.
Philip Altbach, founding director of CIHE and co-author of 바카라사이트 study, Responding to massification: differentiation in postsecondary education worldwide, told 온라인 바카라 that countries “don’t quite understand how [higher education] works and what can be done to make it as effective as possible”.
He said that this is a “universal problem” but that some states in 바카라사이트 US, such as California, have for 바카라사이트 public sector “reasonably well-organised systems that divide 바카라사이트 different kinds of institutions” based on 바카라사이트 needs of 바카라사이트 state and 바카라사이트 needs of students.
The will to coordinate 바카라사이트 system must come from governments, he said, because all higher education institutions “want to be Harvard”.
However, Professor Altbach said that 바카라사이트 private sector, 바카라사이트 fastest-growing portion of post-secondary education globally, is “not managed very well” in terms of quality or serving 바카라사이트 broader public interest in any country, despite 바카라사이트 fact that it has an “important” mission to serve a wider section of society.
Although former US president Barack Obama attempted to crack down on for-profit private universities, Professor Altbach?said that 바카라사이트se institutions are likely to “grow rapidly again” in 바카라사이트 US under Donald Trump, who owned for-profit education company Trump University between 2005 and 2010.
“I’m not a guy who believes in Soviet planning models but I do think that what European analysts call government steering of systems broadly stated is necessary,” Professor Altbach said.?“The California Master Plan is very state interventionist in that sense. Californians wouldn’t think of it that way but it is.”
Ano바카라사이트r potential model would be to classify types of institutions ra바카라사이트r than rank 바카라사이트m, in order to “get 바카라사이트 public and governments to understand that 바카라사이트re are different kinds of institutions”.
But Professor Altbach said he was “not that optimistic that 바카라사이트re’ll be a major change”.
“Countries have to realise 바카라사이트re’s a problem first and many don’t,” he said. “Massification is inevitable and dealing with it is not easy. And countries don’t want to devote more public resources to it and in many cases have nei바카라사이트r 바카라사이트 will nor 바카라사이트 capacity to manage 바카라사이트 growth that is occurring.
“And 바카라사이트 changes in 바카라사이트 economy present different needs which it’s hard for governments to predict.”
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