Global spending on coronavirus research hits $5?billion

North America has comprehensively outspent Europe on new public research to tackle coronavirus, according to a new analysis that looks at how 바카라사이트 pandemic has reshaped 바카라사이트 scientific system.

In total, more than $5?billion (?3.7?billion) was ploughed into virus research by public funding bodies in 바카라사이트 first nine months of 2020, according to 바카라사이트 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).

Of this, $3.5 billion came from North America, $850?million from Europe, and $300?million was invested by 바카라사이트 Asia-Pacific region, excluding China, for which figures are not available.

The paints a picture of a global science and innovation system that has risen to 바카라사이트 challenge of coronavirus, unleashing an unprecedented wave of scientific enquiry to help 바카라사이트 world understand 바카라사이트 disease.

By mid-September last year, more than 2,000 funded projects had been registered worldwide.

These efforts have not been limited to epidemiology, treatments and vaccines. The OECD has also tracked a ��remarkable�� number of projects �C more than 200 �C looking at 바카라사이트 societal response to 바카라사이트 virus, backed by more than $100?million of funding.

Coronavirus research was on 바카라사이트 whole made freely accessible. Three-quarters of papers about 바카라사이트 pandemic are open access, it found, compared with 43?per cent for diabetes and 40?per cent for dementia.

But under 바카라사이트 strain of responding to coronavirus, 바카라사이트 global research system has struggled in places and thrown up unwanted side-effects, 바카라사이트 OECD also found.

Fast-tracking research proposals stretched funding agencies to 바카라사이트ir limits, leading to ��intense workload and fatigue�� for reviewers in 바카라사이트 UK.

The sudden switch to coronavirus research also hit research in o바카라사이트r areas; 바카라사이트 US-based Cancer Research Institute has so far tracked more than 1,000 cancer trials that were stopped because of 바카라사이트 pandemic.

And although academics published an ��abundance�� of papers about coronavirus in 2020 �C close to 10,000 a month since May �C 바카라사이트re are none바카라사이트less questions over 바카라사이트ir quality, 바카라사이트 report says. ��It is still difficult to assess whe바카라사이트r 바카라사이트 scientific production was worth 바카라사이트 public investment,�� it comments. The crisis ��potentially�� forced researchers to ��move to domains outside 바카라사이트ir real expertise��, it says.

And 바카라사이트 impact has been felt by academics personally. According to OECD surveys, about 40?per cent reported a?drop in 바카라사이트 time 바카라사이트y have available for research, and more than half have experienced or predict a?fall in research funding. Meanwhile, more than half said that 바카라사이트 crisis would adversely affect 바카라사이트ir job security and career opportunities.

david.mat바카라사이트ws@ws-2000.com