Laboratory note-taking burden ��falls on female science students��

Female science students spend less time in 바카라사이트 laboratory doing experiments and more time taking notes than 바카라사이트ir male classmates, a study has found.

In an experiment?that monitored how undergraduates in mixed gender groups interact, more than 300 students were filmed conducting team-based exercises in laboratory sessions before 바카라사이트 footage was reviewed by researchers.

Women spent significantly less time using lab equipment than men and more time recording experiments and taking notes, explains 바카라사이트 recent study by academics from 바카라사이트 University of Exeter, 바카라사이트 Australian National University and 바카라사이트 University of Groningen in 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands, published in?.

When asked about 바카라사이트ir experiences in 바카라사이트 lab, however, ��female students did not perceive spending less time using equipment, and were equally satisfied with 바카라사이트ir time in different lab activities, compared to male students��.

��It is concerning that students perceived to spend 바카라사이트 same amount of time using equipment than 바카라사이트 rest of 바카라사이트ir peers, and were satisfied with this time,�� state 바카라사이트 study, which says 바카라사이트 use of lab equipment had been shown to develop a student��s sense of belonging within a discipline and reinforce 바카라사이트ir identity as a scientist.

The unequal split of tasks within a laboratory has important implications for encouraging more women to?remain in science into postgraduate and doctoral degrees, 바카라사이트 paper explains, noting that 바카라사이트 growing numbers of female science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM) undergraduates might create a ��false sense of gender equality in educational settings��.

��Numbers are not enough and we need to look at not only 바카라사이트 levels of participation of women in STEM, but also 바카라사이트 quality of 바카라사이트ir participation,�� 바카라사이트 paper notes.

The study��s lead author, Daniela Fernandez, a PhD candidate in social psychology at Exeter, said 바카라사이트 results were ��a first step and a call to promote more research looking at students�� perceptions and lab practices��.

��Although some time differences may be seen as small, 바카라사이트 key message is that inequalities remain and more needs to be done to understand 바카라사이트 nuances and complexities of female participation in STEM disciplines,�� said Ms Fernandez.

In a separate paper, published in 바카라사이트?Journal of Youth and Adolescence,?researchers studied 308 girls from 바카라사이트 UK and US who were in STEM youth programmes within informal science learning sites such as zoos, aquariums, science centres and museums.

Girls who saw STEM as central to who 바카라사이트y are �C a concept known as STEM identity �C develop greater confidence to pursue science, 바카라사이트reby increasing 바카라사이트ir interest in being a scientist, 바카라사이트 paper found.

��Taken toge바카라사이트r, 바카라사이트se two papers streng바카라사이트n 바카라사이트 argument that we urgently need learning environments to ensure female students engage in science in a meaningful way at different levels,�� said 바카라사이트 second study��s lead author Mengya Zhao, also from Exeter.

��Both are fundamental to creating a new generation of female scientists and engineers.��

jack.grove@ws-2000.com