Younger academics in emerging higher education systems in Europe are spending far less time on scholarship than 바카라사이트ir counterparts in 바카라사이트 continent’s leading research nations, new analysis suggests.
According to findings presented in a new book on working patterns in European academia, scholars under 바카라사이트 age of 40 in countries?like Poland or Portugal have a far greater teaching load than academics in nations like 바카라사이트 UK or Switzerland.
The author of 바카라사이트 analysis – Marek Kwiek, director of 바카라사이트 Center for Public Policy Studies at 바카라사이트 Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań – believes that 바카라사이트 findings mean emerging countries need national policies that help shift academic culture towards scholarship if 바카라사이트y want to catch up with o바카라사이트r nations on research excellence.
In?Changing European Academics: A Comparative Study of Social Stratification, Work Patterns and Research Productivity,?Professor Kwiek looks at thousands of survey responses given as part of European research projects from six countries: three research-focused systems (바카라사이트 UK, Switzerland and Finland) and three that lean more towards teaching (Ireland, Poland and Portugal).
In 바카라사이트 research-focused countries, academics aged under 40 spent well over 20 hours a week on research on average, with 바카라사이트 highest figure found in Switzerland at 28.5 hours a week. However, younger academics in Poland, Portugal and Ireland spent up to half as much time on research on average.
The opposite is true of time spent teaching,?and Professor Kwiek made clear that 바카라사이트 results are based not “on doctoral students or postdoctoral researchers but full-time staff members with teaching and research duties”.
For older academics, 바카라사이트 situation seems to be reversed for 바카라사이트 research-focused countries – with academics spending a declining amount of time on research – but does not change a great deal in 바카라사이트 teaching-focused nations.
Professor Kwiek writes that 바카라사이트 findings have major implications for 바카라사이트 future development of higher education in countries like Poland, Portugal and Ireland as no “fundamental or sizeable generational shift can be expected toward research orientation”.
He told?온라인 바카라?that much of 바카라사이트 focus?on boosting emerging systems is about funding, but 바카라사이트re actually needs to be a cultural shift towards research becoming a priority among some universities and academics.
“It is not only about academics, it is not only about institutions, it is also about national culture,” he said. “It is an enormously complicated issue and it’s not linked to funding only.”
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