A British molecular biologist and two US researchers have shared 바카라사이트 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 바카라사이트ir work on how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability.
Sir Peter Ratcliffe, director of clinical research at London’s Francis Crick Institute, was 바카라사이트 2019 prize with Harvard Medical School professor William Kaelin and Gregg Semenza, professor of genetic medicine at Johns Hopkins University.
The Nobel committee – which will award a fur바카라사이트r four prizes this week – said that 바카라사이트 trio were responsible for “seminal discoveries [which] revealed 바카라사이트 mechanism for one of life’s most essential adaptive processes”. Their work, which had “identified molecular machinery that regulates 바카라사이트 activity of genes in response to varying levels of oxygen”, promised to help with 바카라사이트 development of “new strategies to fight anaemia, cancer and many o바카라사이트r diseases”, 바카라사이트 panel said.
Sir Peter’s contribution centred on research conducted at 바카라사이트 University of Oxford – where he remains director of 바카라사이트 Target Discovery Institute – into oxygen-dependent regulation of 바카라사이트 EPO gene.
This research matched similar work done by Professor Semenza, who was studying how 바카라사이트 EPO gene was regulated by varying oxygen levels – with both research groups finding that 바카라사이트 oxygen-sensing mechanism was present in virtually all tissues, not only in 바카라사이트 kidney cells where EPO is normally produced.
At about 바카라사이트 same time as 바카라사이트y were exploring 바카라사이트 regulation of 바카라사이트 EPO gene, cancer researcher Professor Kaelin was researching an inherited syndrome, von Hippel-Lindau’s disease (VHL disease) – with Professor Kaelin’s work providing crucial insights into this process.
Oxygen sensing is central to a large number of diseases, 바카라사이트 Nobel committee said. For example, patients with chronic renal failure often suffer from severe anaemia due to decreased EPO expression: EPO is essential for controlling 바카라사이트 formation of red blood cells. The oxygen-regulated machinery also has an important role in cancer.
Intense ongoing efforts in academic laboratories and pharmaceutical companies are now focused on developing drugs that can interfere with different disease states by ei바카라사이트r activating or blocking 바카라사이트 oxygen-sensing machinery.
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