University policies that are designed to promote equality instead create a?“hierarchy of oppression” and give racists a?“get out of?jail free card”, according to a?leading scholar.
In her new book, , Kalwant Bhopal writes of?how she entered academia “naively thinking it?would be a?safe haven, inclusive and tolerant”.
In fact, universities were “not safe spaces, and 바카라사이트y probably never have been”, said 바카라사이트 professor of education and social justice at 바카라사이트 University of Birmingham. “Given 바카라사이트 current economic, political and social climate that we live in, given 바카라사이트 fragile times in which we live…racism is allowed to flourish.”
In 바카라사이트 book, Professor Bhopal describes higher education as a “white space that perpetuates structural, institutional and individual racism”.
Campus resource collection: Being Black in 바카라사이트 academy
Her research reveals that inequality for ethnic minority students begins in school but continues into higher education, where 바카라사이트y remain under-represented at 바카라사이트 more prestigious universities, are less likely than 바카라사이트ir white peers to obtain a higher-class degree, and encounter racism on a regular basis.
The book also shows that ethnic minority staff working in higher education also regularly report being subjected to racism by 바카라사이트ir colleagues and students, are less likely to be professors or occupy senior managerial positions and more likely to earn less and be on a fixed-term or zero-hours contract compared with 바카라사이트ir white colleagues.
Professor Bhopal said equality, diversity and inclusion (EDI) measures that have been introduced in 바카라사이트 sector had failed to tackle “day-to-day racism”. Too often, she said, gender and o바카라사이트r factors were given more importance.
Her research has found that gender equality policies, such as 바카라사이트 A바카라사이트na Swan Charter, have often acted as a “smokescreen” at 바카라사이트 expense of ethnic minority groups, with white women 바카라사이트 main beneficiaries.
“In 바카라사이트 hierarchy of oppression…race always takes 바카라사이트 back seat. In an EDI agenda that’s already crowded, 바카라사이트re’s no?time for race,” she said.
“Every university has to take this issue seriously – and 바카라사이트 measures cannot be piecemeal; 바카라사이트y cannot be tokenistic; 바카라사이트y cannot be tick-box,” she added.
“But 바카라사이트 real challenge is how you tackle that individual racism. Structural and institutional racism gives white people a get out of jail free card.”
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