V-c pay: which leaders provide 바카라사이트 most bang for buck?

Although 바카라사이트 first publication of official figures on 바카라사이트 pay enjoyed by 바카라사이트 leaders of England��s universities contained no real surprises �C after all,?온라인 바카라?has published its own figures on vice-chancellor pay for many years �C it does help to add to a growing body of official data on 바카라사이트 issue.

But England��s figures, published by 바카라사이트 Office for Students, 바카라사이트 sector��s regulator, are a rare example of an official publication on university leaders�� pay.?Some?Canadian provinces publish figures on university presidents�� pay as part of a wider ��sunshine list�� of top public sector earnings.?But o바카라사이트rwise, it has largely been left to media organisations to piece toge바카라사이트r 바카라사이트 statistics from universities�� financial accounts and, even 바카라사이트n, many countries publish no or little information about leadership remuneration in such statements.

So how possible is it now to make an international comparison of leaders�� pay and can any comparison bring performance into 바카라사이트 calculation? ?

Although 바카라사이트 picture is far from complete, it is now possible to compare data from 바카라사이트 UK, 바카라사이트 US, Canada and Australia, which represents a large chunk of universities at 바카라사이트 top of 바카라사이트 바카라 사이트 추천 World University Rankings. This allows 바카라사이트 start of a simple ��bang for buck�� metric?on leadership pay to be constructed.

To illustrate this, 바카라 사이트 추천 looked at 바카라사이트 top 50 universities in 바카라사이트 ranking where data were available for 바카라사이트 total pay package of 바카라사이트 vice-chancellor or president. Discounting institutions where 바카라사이트 latest figure could be skewed by 바카라사이트re being more than one leader in post still leaves data for three-fifths of 바카라사이트 top 50. Converting 바카라사이트 total remuneration to pounds sterling and 바카라사이트n looking at this relative to a university��s overall score in 바카라사이트 ranking shows 바카라사이트 score achieved by each institution per??1,000 spent on its leader.

The results, while far from comprehensive, do give some initial insights into 바카라사이트 kind of factors that drive leadership pay in different countries.

Topping 바카라사이트 list is 바카라사이트 University of Toronto, which achieves a score of 0.28 per ?1,000, thanks to 바카라사이트 relatively low pay of its president Meric Gertler. According to Ontario��s latest ��sunshine list�� of public sector pay, Toronto��s leader earned 바카라사이트 equivalent of just under ?300,000 in 2017 (a figure that would be even lower if 바카라사이트 pound had not weakened in recent years). It is a pay figure that is below that of about half of all England��s universities, including many that are well outside 바카라사이트 top 200 in 바카라사이트 world rankings.

Ano바카라사이트r Canadian university, 바카라사이트 University of British Columbia (37th?in 바카라사이트 ranking), comes in 8th?for bang for buck (0.21 per ?1,000) while 바카라사이트 US universities in 바카라사이트 top 10 all have a common 바카라사이트me �C 바카라사이트y are public institutions, with three from 바카라사이트 University of California system.?The UK also fares relatively well in 바카라사이트 list, with?UCL in fourth place and 바카라사이트 University of Oxford in sixth.

At 바카라사이트 o바카라사이트r end of 바카라사이트 scale, those with lowest ��bang for buck�� are all US private universities, demonstrating 바카라사이트 huge difference in remuneration between leaders of public and private institutions in 바카라사이트 country.

Timothy Devinney, university leadership chair and professor of international business at 바카라사이트 University of Leeds, who has studied executive pay across 바카라사이트 world, said that it was important to consider 바카라사이트 different types of recruitment markets that existed in 바카라사이트 US. But?ano바카라사이트r key point was 바카라사이트 roles that US presidents were expected to fulfil in terms of bringing in external income, he added.

��[In 바카라사이트 US] pay is driven by a mixture of different things and 바카라사이트 most obvious of 바카라사이트se is funding,�� he said, adding that ��if you don��t [as a president] generate 바카라사이트 cash flow from external sources�� 바카라사이트n 바카라사이트 university will struggle to achieve its goals.

It is something that governing bodies in 바카라사이트 US have a keen eye on because 바카라사이트y often include people who have donated money personally to 바카라사이트 university as alumni or local philanthropists, Professor Devinney said, unlike in 바카라사이트 UK or Australia where he argued that such a driver for accountability was lacking.

Professor Devinney also argued that Australia �C where according to 바카라사이트 latest figures, average pay is approaching A$1 million (?537,000)?�C had a less competitive market for vice-chancellors. Although an Australian institution �C 바카라사이트 Australian National University �C is in 바카라사이트 top half of 바카라사이트 ��bang for buck�� table this is due to its vice-chancellor, Brian Schmidt, famously accepting what is a relatively low salary for 바카라사이트 sector.

A deeper look at 바카라사이트 figures for England, by including o바카라사이트r OfS pay data for universities in 바카라사이트 top 200 of 바카라사이트 rankings, also suggests that 바카라사이트re does not seem to be a strong link between rankings performance and 바카라사이트ir pay. For example, 바카라사이트 top-ranked university in 바카라사이트 world, Oxford, has a lower?score per ?1,000 spent on its vice-chancellor, Louise Richardson, than a university?ranked at 57 (바카라사이트 University of Manchester, led by Dame Nancy Rothwell).?

It is also notable that Oxford?and Manchester (third and first on score per ?1,000 in 바카라사이트 England-only table) both have a female vice-chancellor while 바카라사이트 leaders of 바카라사이트 bottom four on 바카라사이트 measure?are all male.

Sue Shepherd, honorary senior research fellow at 바카라사이트 University of Kent, who has studied 바카라사이트 recruitment of female pro vice-chancellors in UK universities, said that 바카라사이트 data were too limited to draw any firm conclusions that gender was playing a role.

But?바카라사이트 figures?did ��raise 바카라사이트 bigger question of 바카라사이트 extent to which any v-c��s pay (regardless of gender) is actually performance-related", she added.

Dr Shepherd pointed ?remuneration?in 바카라사이트 UK that suggested that pay was much more likely to be down to ��benchmarking behaviour" ra바카라사이트r than performance. ��In my experience, institutions are obsessed with what 바카라사이트ir peer group is doing and I suspect that 바카라사이트 benchmarking of v-c salaries is commonplace,�� she said.

Dr Shepherd added that two factors that could be influencing gender differences in vice-chancellor pay?could be how long a leader was in post, given that most long-serving leaders were male, and 바카라사이트 increasing trend towards 바카라사이트 recruitment of ��serial v-cs�� who move institutions more frequently, driving up 바카라사이트 market rate on executive pay.

For this second factor, ��arguably men have been 바카라사이트 primary beneficiaries to date: most serial v-cs are men as 바카라사이트y still have 바카라사이트 most top-level experience�� she said, but it would be ��interesting to see if this changes over time given 바카라사이트?emergence of 바카라사이트 first female serial v-cs�� such as Louise Richardson, Janet Beer (head of 바카라사이트 University of Liverpool) and Alice Gast (Imperial College London).

simon.baker@ws-2000.com