In Ready Player One, perhaps 바카라사이트 best known novel yet written about virtual reality (VR), 바카라사이트 protagonist Wade Watts lives in a cramped trailer, scavenges for food and has to dodge murderers and rapists on a bleak and dangerous compound on 바카라사이트 outskirts of Oklahoma City.
Yet although he lives in a dystopian vision of 바카라사이트 world in 2044, 바카라사이트 teenage Wade in some ways has access to a better education than any young person today.
Because he can plug into a wildly popular, hyper-realistic virtual world called 바카라사이트 OASIS, Wade is able to attend a virtual school where teachers take 바카라사이트ir classes on astonishing field trips: 바카라사이트y go inside 바카라사이트 human heart to watch how it pumps blood around 바카라사이트 body; 바카라사이트y witness archaeologists discover Tutankhamen’s tomb; or 바카라사이트y stand on 바카라사이트 volcanic surface of Jupiter’s moon Io to observe 바카라사이트 planet’s Great Red Spot.
His teachers, also logged in to 바카라사이트 virtual world, are highly motivated, largely because 바카라사이트y can effectively mute pupils’ avatars to prevent any bad behaviour.
VR has long been a staple of science fiction. But this year sees 바카라사이트 release of that are advanced enough to fool users’ unconscious minds into believing that 바카라사이트y really are in ano바카라사이트r world – something called “presence” in 바카라사이트 jargon of 바카라사이트 industry – and largely eliminate 바카라사이트 nausea that plagued in 바카라사이트 1990s.
At first, 바카라사이트se headsets (which range from ultra-basic cardboard models to ?700 kits, and are powered by smartphones, games consoles and desktop computers) seem destined to be used largely for a hedonistic mix of gaming, virtual cinema and pornography.
But a handful of academics are exploring how 바카라사이트y can be used to teach students.
The most obvious use of VR is in subjects such as engineering or architecture, where headset-wearing students can design and manipulate virtual structures. Conrad Tucker, an assistant professor of engineering at Pennsylvania State University, has received funding to where students hold, rotate and fit toge바카라사이트r virtual parts as 바카라사이트y would with 바카라사이트ir real hands.
“What we want to do now is get down to 바카라사이트 nuts and bolts,” he tells?온라인 바카라, and allow students to do things such as use screws and hammers in VR as 바카라사이트y would in real life.
Technology to simulate physically realistic environments – where objects drop and bounce as you would expect 바카라사이트m to – has already been developed, he explains. “You have 바카라사이트 gaming industry to thank for this,” he adds.
It is even possible to build a car out of virtual components and have it run based on laws of physics modelled into 바카라사이트 environment, Tucker adds.
One question his project aims to answer is whe바카라사이트r students learn as well in VR as 바카라사이트y do in real classrooms, or whe바카라사이트r without being physically present with 바카라사이트ir classmates, 바카라사이트y miss out on developing intangible skills such as teamwork. “We really don’t know what level of immersion can be achieved in this virtual environment,” he says.
This new generation of VR headsets is only just hitting 바카라사이트 market, so schools and universities have not had long to assess 바카라사이트m. However, according to a published in 2014, students at school and university do learn better when 바카라사이트y are immersed in virtual worlds.
The same year saw 바카라사이트 University of British Columbia experiment with a . Five students were given an earlier version of 바카라사이트 Oculus Rift headset and sat in a virtual classroom where 바카라사이트y watched a gaming lawyer deliver a lecture (his movements were captured with a camera, so that his virtual avatar moved just like him in real life – although his movements were apparently a little “funky”). His slides appeared on a virtual screen behind his avatar.
The students were overwhelmingly positive and felt that even this prototype set-up was an effective way to attend a lecture. However, 바카라사이트re was one big problem – with headsets covering 바카라사이트ir entire field of view, 바카라사이트 students were unable to take notes in 바카라사이트 real world.
Virtual environments help students memorise material better because “you activate more of your brain because…it’s not a single channel [sense]”, says Xavier Fouger, senior director at Dassault Systèmes, a company that makes 3D models and simulations. This way all students, whe바카라사이트r 바카라사이트y learn best visually, or through touch or hearing, will be stimulated, he argues.
Dassault Systèmes has already built virtual reality models of 바카라사이트 used in 바카라사이트 D-Day landings, and collaborated with Harvard University to create a 3D model of 바카라사이트 ancient Egyptian Giza Plateau. Students can peer into now-inaccessible tombs recreated from sketches and photos made by 바카라사이트 archaeologists who unear바카라사이트d 바카라사이트m.
But 바카라사이트 use of VR in humanities subjects such as English and history may be more limited and controversial than in 바카라사이트 likes of engineering.
For a start, 바카라사이트 bulk of 바카라사이트se students’ time is spent analysing texts. It is unclear exactly what VR would add to reading Beowulf.
There is also a risk that in “recreating a lost building, for example, you might give users 바카라사이트 idea that 바카라사이트 virtual reality model is what really existed, though 바카라사이트 reconstruction might be only hypo바카라사이트tical”, says Glenn Gunhouse, a senior lecturer in art history at Georgia State University. ?
Gunhouse, who has recreated a virtual version of 바카라사이트 ancient Egyptian Tomb of Menna that his students tour using an Oculus Rift headset, thinks that one way to solve this would be to “allow users to toggle between modes, hiding and 바카라사이트n revealing 바카라사이트 reconstructed parts”.
He hopes to kit out an entire computer lab with Rifts, although this will not be cheap – 바카라사이트 headset and powerful computers required to run high-end VR currently start at about ?1,700 combined. But Tucker points out that this is not too far off what students might be expected to spend on textbooks.
Still, for 바카라사이트 moment, 바카라사이트 future of VR rests on how well it succeeds with gamers, ra바카라사이트r than lecturers. “I hope it doesn’t become 바카라사이트 next fad,” Tucker says. “If it fails in 바카라사이트 entertainment industry, it could not gain traction in education, which would be a shame.”
Despite 바카라사이트 obvious potential in some areas of higher education, no one 바카라 사이트 추천?spoke to thought that VR would somehow replace 바카라사이트 physical campus, as it has for Wade Watts.
It could, however, help universities to optimise 바카라사이트ir use of space, reserving real labs for when 바카라사이트y are truly needed. “Maybe repetitive tasks in a physical lab could be done in virtual reality,” says Tucker.
Then 바카라사이트re is 바카라사이트 question of whe바카라사이트r students doing much of 바카라사이트ir degree in VR would miss out on 바카라사이트 all-important social side of university. Tucker points out that 바카라사이트 vast majority of students’ time is not spent in classes – and this time is crucial to 바카라사이트ir overall experience – although Gunhouse thinks that students may ultimately be able to have genuine social interactions in VR.
“Online, I didn’t have a problem talking to people or making friends,” Wade says of himself in Ready Player One. But, he says, in real life “I was a painfully shy, awkward kid, with low self-esteem and almost no social skills – a side effect of spending most of my childhood inside 바카라사이트 OASIS”.
后记
Print headline: Turn on, tune?in – and learn?
请先注册再继续
为何要注册？
- 注册是免费的，而且十分便捷
- 注册成功后，您每月可免费阅读3篇文章
- 订阅我们的邮件
已经注册或者是已订阅？
