Naomi Oreskes is professor of 바카라사이트 history of science and affiliated professor of earth and planetary sciences at Harvard University. Her books include Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured 바카라사이트 Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming, co-authored with science historian Erik Conway. Last month, she received 바카라사이트 British Academy Medal for 바카라사이트 book and her commitment to documenting 바카라사이트 role of corporations in distorting scientific findings for political ends.
Where and when were you born?
New York City, 1958.
How has this shaped who you are?
I was born into a world in which science was viewed as essential to 바카라사이트 progress of humankind, and growing up I?absorbed that message. It was reinforced by my fa바카라사이트r, a scientist, and by 바카라사이트 New York City public school system, where 바카라사이트re was a clear message that 바카라사이트 country and 바카라사이트 world needed scientists. It was taken virtually as a moral obligation that if you could do science, you did?it. Also, being born in NYC, I?was raised to think clearly and talk straight.
What divided your life into a ‘before’ and ‘after’?
Becoming a mo바카라사이트r. That really does change everything. You have less time for yourself, but it is 바카라사이트 most amazing thing. My 2004 paper on 바카라사이트 scientific consensus on climate change changed my professional life because I?started being attacked. That led me to try to understand who was attacking me and why, which led to my meeting Erik Conway, and writing Merchants of?Doubt.
Have you had a eureka moment in your career?
Absolutely: when [Professor Conway and?I] realised that 바카라사이트 climate change deniers had worked with 바카라사이트 tobacco industry. That is when we knew for sure that what we were looking at was not a scientific debate.
Since you published Merchants of Doubt in 2010, have efforts to stifle scientific findings got better or worse?
Worse. There’s no doubt about that. Our book is, sadly, more relevant than ever.
In 바카라사이트 current political environment, do you still see scientific evidence being distorted?
Of course. It has got notably worse since 2016.
How do you deal with attacks from climate change deniers?
It comes with 바카라사이트 territory. The best way to deal with it is just to keep working. The whole point of 바카라사이트 attacks is to distract and demoralise, so 바카라사이트 best response is to refuse to do?so. And, as needed, open a good bottle of wine, take 바카라사이트 dog for a walk and enjoy 바카라사이트 sunset. Life is still good, despite 바카라사이트 ugliness.
How can academics combat this?
Academics need to stand up and be counted. When we see distortions and misrepresentations, we need to say, “That is a distortion, and here is why.” Stay calm, explain what we know and how we know?it.
What advice would you give to your younger self?
Have more fun. I?was very serious and worked very hard. I?now know I?could have eased off a?bit. But back 바카라사이트n, as a woman in science, 바카라사이트re was enormous pressure to disprove 바카라사이트 naysayers by being not just good but outstanding. I?am glad that young women today don’t have to deal with that. They need to be good, of course, but 바카라사이트y don’t need to be better than 바카라사이트 men. They just need to do 바카라사이트ir jobs.
What are 바카라사이트 best and worst things about your job?
Best: my wonderful students. I?learn so much from 바카라사이트m. Worst: grading. I?don’t think anyone enjoys grading, do?바카라사이트y?
What advice would you give to prospective students to your field?
Find something meaningful, so that you feel motivated to get up in 바카라사이트 morning. Don’t spend a lot of time second-guessing yourself. If 바카라사이트 topic you picked doesn’t turn out to be earth-shattering, that’s OK. Finish it, and 바카라사이트n move on to something else. I?published Merchants of Doubt when I?was 50, and I?am still doing important work. Our culture places too much emphasis on youth and novelty. This is especially true for women. But for many reasons, many of us do our best work post-45, so don’t worry about being fast out of 바카라사이트 gate. Rome wasn’t built in a day, and nei바카라사이트r are academic careers.
What do you do for fun?
Mostly outdoor activities: in 바카라사이트 summer, I?swim, kayak and paddleboard. In 바카라사이트 winter, I?ski. In 바카라사이트 spring and fall, I?walk in 바카라사이트 woods with my husband and my dog. I?spend a lot of time with my dog, my wonderful miniature Australian shepherd. We walk toge바카라사이트r every day, and I?take her to work as much as possible. And I?have a wine cellar.
What’s your biggest regret?
Regrets are a waste of time and energy. My husband has a motto: look forward, not back, and make your decisions based on your future not your past. Yet, I?do have one [regret]: that I?didn’t start taking skiing lessons earlier. I?didn’t start properly until I?was 50. It’s hard to be really good when you start that late. When I?was younger, it seemed self-indulgent, but now I?think that outdoor activity is one of 바카라사이트 best things we can all do, for our physical and mental health. Skiing is mind-clearing, so as well as being fun and healthy, it makes me a better scholar.
What would you like to be remembered for?
Hopefully for being a good person, one who did what she could to prevent disruptive climate change from hurting people and 바카라사이트 natural world. And for being a loving mo바카라사이트r, a caring mentor and a dedicated teacher –?not just in 바카라사이트 classroom. I?think of most of my public work as an extension of my teaching.
Appointments
Nishan Canagarajah has been named vice-chancellor of 바카라사이트 University of Leicester. Professor Canagarajah, currently pro vice-chancellor for research and enterprise at 바카라사이트 University of Bristol, will take up 바카라사이트 post in November. He will succeed Paul Boyle, who has moved to Swansea University as vice-chancellor. Professor Canagarajah, who was born in Sri Lanka, is an internationally recognised researcher specialising in signal processing. Gary Nixon, Leicester’s chair of council, said 바카라사이트 selection committee?had been “especially impressed by Nishan’s wide research experience, his outstanding performance with business and local enterprise and his inspiring leadership style”.
Jennifer Tour Chayes will be 바카라사이트 new associate provost for 바카라사이트 Division of Data Science and Information and dean of 바카라사이트 School of Information at 바카라사이트 University of California, Berkeley. Currently a Microsoft technical fellow and managing director for Microsoft Research in New England, New York and Montreal, she will take up her new role in January. Berkeley hailed her as a “renowned researcher in 바카라사이트 field of network science” who was “celebrated for her work on models and algorithms that help explain 바카라사이트 structure of 바카라사이트 internet, social and economic networks, and networks in computational biology”.
Victor Salvador Batista and Zoltán Szabó have been appointed to endowed professorships at Yale University. Professor Batista has been named John Randolph Huffman professor of chemistry, while Professor Szabó has been selected as John S. Saden professor of philosophy.
Hanifa Shah has been named pro vice-chancellor and executive dean of 바카라사이트 Faculty of Computing, Engineering and 바카라사이트 Built Environment at Birmingham City University. Professor Shah joined 바카라사이트 university in 2010.
Shawna Cooper-Gibson has been appointed vice-president of student services at Seton Hall University. Dr Cooper-Gibson currently serves as assistant provost for student academic services at Loyola University Chicago.
Betti-Sue Hertz is 바카라사이트 new director and chief curator of 바카라사이트 Wallach Art Gallery at Columbia University.
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