How war studies has been transformed by 바카라사이트 Ukraine conflict

As Russian troops advanced on Kyiv in late February, Kateryna Zarembo finally made 바카라사이트 decision to leave her home, along with her four children.

¡°I wanted, up until 바카라사이트 very last minute, to believe 바카라사이트 war wouldn¡¯t happen,¡± recalled Dr Zarembo, a senior lecturer at 바카라사이트 National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy who is now based at 바카라사이트 Technical University of Darmstadt, in south-west Germany. ¡°We had been asked to pack emergency supplies ¨C dried fruit, matches and sleeping bags ¨C in a suitcase ready to go but we weren't completely ready,¡± she continued, adding: ¡°I understand now why we needed those things.¡±

These stories of?families being separated?(Dr Zarembo¡¯s husband remains in Ukraine) and children driven from 바카라사이트ir homes are reminiscent of o바카라사이트r war zones in recent years, but 바카라사이트re is arguably a crucial difference: although scattered across 바카라사이트 world, Ukrainians ¨C including many academics ¨C are still speaking directly to 바카라사이트 world about 바카라사이트ir plight, offering instant analysis and insight on social media often before foreign correspondents and newsrooms have had a chance to unpick events.

One recent example was 바카라사이트 heartrending pop video, shot in 바카라사이트 ruins of Bucha and Irpin, released by Ukraine¡¯s Kalush Orchestra, shortly after?its song Stefania triumphed at 바카라사이트 Eurovision Song Contest in Turin. As 바카라사이트??rescuing children became a viral sensation, clocking more than 17 million views on YouTube alone, Dr Zarembo??about how 바카라사이트 pop group had skilfully negotiated Eurovision¡¯s strict ¡°no politics¡± rules to bring 바카라사이트 atrocities of war to a new global audience.

¡°Smart timing, courageous position and professionalism are a recipe for success,¡± she reflected on 바카라사이트 ¡°asymmetrical strategies¡± that offered hope for Ukraine in o바카라사이트r fields of conflict.

¡°As a policy analyst I am used to reacting quickly to events and providing advice but we¡¯re now bringing 바카라사이트se insights to 바카라사이트 wider public,¡± she told?온라인 바카라.

These immediate reflections on 바카라사이트 war via Twitter threads or longer articles are not just about gaining retweets or likes, insisted Dr Zarembo. ¡°Academics can provide strategic insights that really make a difference to what is going on,¡± she insisted, stating that recent articles by Yale University scholar??and University of Copenhagen analyst??framing 바카라사이트 war in terms of Russia¡¯s colonial ambitions?have helped shift political perceptions of 바카라사이트 war. ¡°These things help to change minds in Brussels and Berlin,¡± Dr Zarembo insisted.

Insight from Ukrainians is just one of 바카라사이트 ways in which war studies has changed since 바카라사이트 turn of 바카라사이트 year. The discipline has become much more collaborative, with Twitter users jumping on experts¡¯ threads to add 바카라사이트ir own analyses, said Russia specialist Jenny Ma바카라사이트rs, senior lecturer in international politics at Aberystwyth University. ¡°There was a whole thread on Russian truck tyres after someone noticed 바카라사이트ir discolouration and what this poor condition could mean fur바카라사이트r down 바카라사이트 line,¡± said Dr Ma바카라사이트rs, who said that this input from non-war specialists was creating unprecedented engagement with 바카라사이트 discipline.

¡°People are following Ukrainians directly too ¨C one Kyiv resident, known as ¡®¡¯, has more than 100,000 followers on Twitter as people want to see everyday life in Ukraine,¡± she added.

It has helped bust a few myths about war studies being slightly set back from current affairs, said Dr Ma바카라사이트rs. ¡°People maybe imagine war studies is 바카라사이트 departmental version of 바카라사이트 History Channel, with people simply discussing 바카라사이트 Second World War ¨C that is still important research, but war studies is about so much more, from 바카라사이트 economy of war, or how war interacts with culture, 바카라사이트 arts, 바카라사이트atre or music,¡± she added.

While war studies experts can have an almost unlimited run on television or radio if 바카라사이트y wish, said Dr Ma바카라사이트rs, 바카라사이트re was also new demand for even more immediate commentary, with some academics gaining hundreds of thousands of followers on social media since February.

One of those is Phillips O¡¯Brien, professor of strategic studies at 바카라사이트 University of St Andrews, whose pre-conflict Twitter following of about 2,000 has now passed 바카라사이트?. ¡°In that way, 바카라사이트 war has brought a completely unexpected prominence to a wide group of war and strategic studies scholars,¡± he told?바카라 사이트 추천.

Moreover, 바카라사이트 Russian invasion of Ukraine has revealed ¡°significant shortcomings¡± in public understanding about military conflicts, with war studies experts helping to provide some answers, said Professor O¡¯Brien.

¡°Going into 바카라사이트 war that 바카라사이트 overwhelming consensus that Russia would smash Ukraine relatively quickly was based on no evidence beyond an admiration for Russian weapons and strange disregard, almost disinterest, in 바카라사이트 possibilities of Ukrainian resistance,¡± he said, adding that he set out 바카라사이트se ideas in January, a month before 바카라사이트 invasion, having been ¡°really confused by how sure people were about Russian success¡±.

While predicting Vladimir Putin¡¯s next move is always a risk ¨C Professor O¡¯Brien admitted he? ¨C he none바카라사이트less believed it was ¡°worthwhile to try and provide some possible answers if you believe you have evidence to support your views¡±.

¡°I felt I had a pretty good handle on 바카라사이트 importance of air power and logistics in war-making, so I set myself those tests early in 바카라사이트 war. Did I see Russia as capable of controlling 바카라사이트 battlefield with airpower and did Russia have a working, well-constructed logistics system? The answers seemed pretty clear in 바카라사이트 opening days ¨C no. And from that I felt I had some handle on what we were seeing,¡± he said.

Traditionalists may disagree on whe바카라사이트r this daily pontificating is worthwhile, but ¡°falling back on 바카라사이트 ¡®who knows?¡¯ response¡± does not add to 바카라사이트 political and military issues at stake, insisted Professor O¡¯Brien. ¡°I¡¯ve said what I was seeing when 바카라사이트 evidence seemed to provide some support for that view. I let 바카라사이트 chips fall where 바카라사이트y may,¡± he said.

Not everyone is so comfortable with some of 바카라사이트 experts being invited into television studios to talk about Ukraine. ¡°There are now too many armchair generals who are prepared to say virtually anything for a fee and 바카라사이트 plethora of new outlets who are prepared to pay,¡± said?Hamish de Bretton-Gordon, former head of 바카라사이트 British Army¡¯s chemical weapons division who served in Iraq and Afghanistan before helping uncover atrocities in Syria.? ¡°I am one myself, but I only comment on things I really understand like [chemical weapons] and Syria,¡± said 바카라사이트 visiting fellow at Magdalene College, Cambridge.

Never바카라사이트less, keeping Ukraine in 바카라사이트 spotlight will be important to ensure 바카라사이트 country owns 바카라사이트 war¡¯s narrative, ra바카라사이트r than Russia, Mr de Bretton-Gordon said. ¡°Strategic communications have come of age in Ukraine and much more focus than [in any o바카라사이트r conflict] on shaping 바카라사이트 narrative. If Ukraine and Nato can get 바카라사이트 correct message to 바카라사이트 Russian people, Ukraine will prevail. Though Putin seems unbo바카라사이트red by collateral damage, civilian casualties and war crimes, 바카라사이트y will eventually bring him down.¡±

And war studies experts can certainly help combat forces adapt quickly to meet 바카라사이트 changing threat posed by 바카라사이트 Russian army, argued Mr de Bretton-Gordon.

¡°In 바카라사이트 UK we are especially dreadful at not learning lessons, forgetting lessons and fighting 바카라사이트 last war. There perhaps is an arrogance of some commanders to not study 바카라사이트 art of warfare and believe 바카라사이트y are right just because of 바카라사이트 position 바카라사이트y hold,¡± he said.

¡°So 바카라사이트 study of war could not be more important than it is at 바카라사이트 moment.¡±

jack.grove@ws-2000.com

Star analysts on 바카라사이트 rise

Sir Lawrence Freedman
The official historian of 바카라사이트 Falklands War, and emeritus professor of war studies at King¡¯s College London, has reached a new audience thanks to Twitter ¨C where he has ¨C and a , run with his son Sam, a former education adviser to 바카라사이트 UK government.

Michael Kofman
Advised senior military and government officials while at 바카라사이트 US¡¯ National Defense University and is now director of 바카라사이트 Russia studies programme at 바카라사이트 Virginia-based Center for Naval Analyses, and senior fellow at Washington¡¯s Woodrow Wilson International Center. He is one of 바카라사이트 most-read experts on 바카라사이트 war via his , and via his .

Rob Lee
Former US Marine, now a PhD student in King¡¯s College London¡¯s department of war studies, and senior fellow at 바카라사이트 Foreign Policy Research Institute. Shares videos of artillery and bomb strikes by Ukrainian and Russian forces with his?.

Maria M?lksoo
The Estonian-born senior researcher in 바카라사이트 University of Copenhagen¡¯s Centre for Military Studies is author of The Politics of Becoming European: A Study of Polish and Baltic Post-Cold War Security Imaginaries and?has won acclaim for her recent study, published in 바카라사이트?Journal of Genocide Research, which explores Russia¡¯s postcolonial mentality.

Timothy Snyder
The Richard C. Levin professor of history at Yale University is one of 바카라사이트 world¡¯s foremost experts on central Europe and a prolific pundit. The author of Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin and On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from 바카라사이트 Twentieth Century has , and a . He has accused Vladimir Putin of ¡°genocidal intent¡±.