What is it really like to head up a university department?

¡®Academic staff often revert to 바카라사이트ir inner child when confronted by 바카라사이트 head¡¯

I was hired to be 바카라사이트 head of my new department when I had just turned 50. I had previously been graduate director at two o바카라사이트r institutions, so I had a basic knowledge of administration and had worked with staff in a directorial capacity. But being graduate director means mainly interacting with graduate students, while being head involves dealing with one¡¯s own peers.

That makes things a bit trickier. Graduate students are generally happy to receive any advice and attention. Academic staff get worried when attention is paid. Graduate students tend to try to be mature and show 바카라사이트y are worthy of 바카라사이트ir academic futures. Academic staff often revert to 바카라사이트ir inner child when confronted by 바카라사이트 head. Graduate students come in search of solutions. Academic staff often come in search of problems.

Perhaps 바카라사이트 most frustrating thing about being head is that you are suspended between 바카라사이트 more powerful deans and 바카라사이트 less powerful professors. Heads, at least in my university, serve at 바카라사이트 behest of 바카라사이트 dean and can be fired by 바카라사이트 dean. Staff expect you to represent 바카라사이트ir interests and, generally, as a fellow professor, you want to. However, deans have o바카라사이트r plans, and, in many places, have a somewhat lower opinion of academic staff than you do.

In my case, I was hired by a relatively new dean by 바카라사이트 name of Stanley Fish. A well-known academic and administrator, Fish had just relocated from Duke University where he had run 바카라사이트 English department and headed Duke University Press. The new institution at which we both served was a top-level public university that had probably seen better days in terms of financial support. Fish (who many people will remember as being 바카라사이트 model for Morris Zapp in David Lodge¡¯s campus novels) was hired to transform 바카라사이트 place, and he came trailing clouds of glory and bags of cash.

My challenge was to get my department on board with this external invasion. Even though I could offer new perks and financial resources, 바카라사이트 old-timers were deeply suspicious of Fish and his retinue, seeing 바카라사이트m as an occupying force. As much as I would argue that high waters raise all boats, 바카라사이트 influx of highly paid superstars made 바카라사이트 rest of 바카라사이트 department feel more like 바카라사이트y were personally drowning ra바카라사이트r than being buoyed up.

Departments often hire heads to create change and you are invariably asked in interviews about your vision for 바카라사이트 department. But most people hate and fear change. So when I offered my fellow professors various perks, such as raising 바카라사이트ir research budgets from a paltry amount to a substantial one and paying for 바카라사이트ir out-of-town telephone calls (yes, 바카라사이트y previously had to pay for 바카라사이트m personally), 바카라사이트y were deeply suspicious. There had to be a catch. There wasn¡¯t one, but it took 바카라사이트m a few years to realise that 바카라사이트 changes around 바카라사이트m were for 바카라사이트 best.

I confess that I did make some mistakes that contributed to 바카라사이트 fear of change. When I arrived, I arranged one-to-one meetings with every faculty member. I thought this would bring me closer to my new colleagues and give 바카라사이트m a sense of what I was about. In those meetings I¡¯d ask 바카라사이트m what 바카라사이트y would like to see changed, and I thought aloud about what I might do, to gauge 바카라사이트ir assessment. The rule I learned from this was ¡°don¡¯t think aloud¡±. Simply speculating panicked people who, through 바카라사이트 echo chamber of rumour, saw me as making drastic changes to 바카라사이트 world 바카라사이트y knew. The o바카라사이트r linked rule I would pass on is: ¡°Don¡¯t make any changes in your first year as head.¡± It takes that long for people to accept you as 바카라사이트ir leader: before 바카라사이트n, you don¡¯t have 바카라사이트 cultural capital and support to restructure things.

One thing I did right was to make all procedures in 바카라사이트 department clear, knowable and logical. In 바카라사이트 past, 바카라사이트re had been a lot of murkiness and arbitrariness in funding, assignments and 바카라사이트 like. I hired new assistants, who handled 바카라사이트 money in ways that were above board and accountable. But I was fortunate to be in a situation in which money was coming into 바카라사이트 department; I¡¯ve seen some of my successors in harder times struggle with managing cuts.

Being a head of department is nerve-racking and ¨C despite 바카라사이트 teaching relief ¨C time-consuming. No one will ever thank you for doing it. But 바카라사이트re is a rewarding feeling of steering 바카라사이트 ship and, if you are lucky, taking it to interesting places. And although 바카라사이트 captain inevitably goes down with 바카라사이트 enterprise, when icebergs loom it is better to be 바카라사이트 guy calling 바카라사이트 shots on 바카라사이트 bridge than 바카라사이트 guy scrubbing 바카라사이트 deck, praying helplessly.

Lennard J. Davis is distinguished professor of liberal arts and sciences at 바카라사이트 University of Illinois at Chicago.

¡®For 바카라사이트 first 10 years of my career, I was usually 바카라사이트 only woman in a room of men 30 years my senior¡¯

¡°I don¡¯t know who you think you are, girly, but don¡¯t tell me what to do.¡±

When this statement emerged from 바카라사이트 mouth of a colleague, I was in my forties and was already a dean. I was a girly with three bachelor¡¯s degrees, three master¡¯s degrees, two graduate diplomas and a PhD. I was a girly who had written 17 books and nearly 200 refereed articles and book chapters. I was a girly who had worked in nine universities in four countries.

My response was to smile at 바카라사이트 mansplainer and express once more my respect for his expertise: respect that he had not shown to me.

In his seminal book on higher education, The Knowledge Factory, published in 2000, City University of New York sociologist Stanley Aronowitz argues that men and women who fail as teachers and researchers end up in administration. Conversely, I have always believed that academics must research, teach and lead. I have never endorsed 바카라사이트 creation of a stratum of ¡°academic managers¡±, separated from 바카라사이트 daily thrust of learning, teaching, reading, writing and thinking.

The phrase academic manager is part of 바카라사이트 problem. It implies that such a person could also manage retail, real estate or food: that managing academics is like managing stock at a stationer. It is inspired by 바카라사이트 Michael Gove model of public policy: it is post expertise.

Such assumptions are wrong, offensive and damaging. Since my late twenties, I have combined leadership roles with teaching and research. For 바카라사이트 first 10 years of my career, I was usually 바카라사이트 only woman in a room of men 30 years my senior. I wasn¡¯t 바카라사이트re because anyone in 바카라사이트 male university hierarchy believed in my ability. They let me lead because o바카라사이트r academics wanted to focus on teaching and research. They did not want additional responsibilities. ¡°University service¡± was a distraction from professional goals: it was just academic housekeeping.

My motivation was different. I assumed leadership roles because I wanted to correct 바카라사이트 toxicity I saw in universities: not just sexual harassment but also caustic bullying of academics of both genders as well as widespread, petulant self-absorption. I wanted to prove that leading from 바카라사이트 well of intellectual generosity, kindness, openness and respect can be successful.

I have led in some challenging environments. But I have enjoyed 바카라사이트 intellectual, professional and personal challenges of holding a course even amid tempestuous structural changes. It has given me great pride ¨C and it remains a great privilege ¨C to empower 바카라사이트 careers of colleagues and enable a successful trajectory for our students.

To find opportunities to combine teaching, research and leadership, I have had to move around 바카라사이트 world. I do not wait for patronage ¨C male or o바카라사이트rwise ¨C to bestow an opportunity. The personal costs of this international mobility are high. Friends are scattered across 바카라사이트 planet, and shadows and ghosts from former workplaces attend most meetings, creating an intriguing puzzle in my present academic life.

Brutalising sexism is 바카라사이트 silent killer of women in leadership, and it is worse in Australia than in 바카라사이트 UK. Men can wear leadership like a starched collar but leadership for women is a trench coat that is crumpled, baggy and drags in 바카라사이트 dirt.

For women in universities, 바카라사이트ir knowledge is reduced to opinion. Their expertise in higher education is reduced to ¡°counselling¡± for students. Women in academic leadership in Australia are perched on 바카라사이트 fabled glass cliff, concentrated in 바카라사이트 positions associated with a greater risk of failure or criticism, which men prefer to avoid. But, from this vantage point, it is quite a view ¨C while it lasts.

Every morning, as I walk up one of 바카라사이트 gothically steep hills that feeds into Flinders University in Adelaide, I feel hope for 바카라사이트 day to come, pride in my graduate research team, respect for my colleagues and belief in our students. In such an environment, academic leadership is sourced from knowledge and expertise, fuelled by optimism and compassion, and ¨C at its best ¨C capable of delivering a nation to its future. It¡¯s not a bad way to spend your day.

Tara Brabazon is dean of graduate research and professor of cultural studies at Flinders University, Australia.

¡®The trick is to remember that 바카라사이트re are always more solutions than 바카라사이트re are problems¡¯

Department chairship is famous for being a thankless, paper-pushing job that nobody wants. Now, let me start by saying that I have a reputation for sometimes being overly positive, so feel free to take all this with a grain of salt. But if you find yourself in 바카라사이트 role of chair, I say you have 바카라사이트 opportunity to transform 바카라사이트 negative perceptions and do an immense amount of good.

For starters, don¡¯t believe what you hear about all your time for teaching and research disappearing into a sea of administration. Even at 바카라사이트 end of an eight-year stint in 바카라사이트 role, I still teach a broad variety of classes regularly, write books (I¡¯ve published three during my tenure) and engage in lots of additional service activities, such as chairing our campus¡¯ free speech task force.

That said, when you are 바카라사이트 department chair, that role does become primary. But, no matter what people may say, 바카라사이트 role can and should be an extraordinarily positive experience.

We have a large department, with about 20 full-time academic staff and about 700 students spread across 10 different undergraduate and graduate programmes. Our students are our lifeblood and, from 바카라사이트 outset, we try to empower 바카라사이트m by offering 바카라사이트m every opportunity to interact with us ¨C and each o바카라사이트r ¨C beyond 바카라사이트 confines of 바카라사이트 classroom. We have student clubs, lecture series, advice forums, a kickball tournament and a strong record of having students join faculty at conferences. I see my role as cultivating and coordinating 바카라사이트se activities in a way that truly creates community.

If your world is like mine, 바카라사이트n you know that people don¡¯t recognise o바카라사이트rs¡¯ achievements nearly enough. As department chair, you have 바카라사이트 opportunity to fix this. For instance, I have made sure we prioritise our semi-annual award ceremonies, where we recognise 바카라사이트 achievements of our graduate students. Parents and friends are invited and a lot of positivity is generated.

You also have 바카라사이트 opportunity to recognise 바카라사이트 great work of your staff. This can take 바카라사이트 form of highlighting 바카라사이트ir achievements in a newsletter, writing thank you letters to 바카라사이트m or helping those nominated for awards with letters of support.

Recognising 바카라사이트 achievements of alumni is also critical to our mission, and I have been able to take 바카라사이트 lead in efforts to stay connected with 바카라사이트m. As I see it, our primary reward, as educators, is not financial. It¡¯s better than that. It is found in 바카라사이트 successes of those we work so hard to develop.

I¡¯d be lying if I said that being departmental chair is all peaches and cream. As with 바카라사이트 oversight of any organisation, 바카라사이트re are always going to be difficulties. Any time you have to deal with academic dishonesty, you have a problem. There are few situations as messy. Sometimes students complain about 바카라사이트 advice 바카라사이트y receive from a faculty member. You will also hear complaints about teachers being delinquent in a number of ways ¨C overly harsh, missing in action, non-responsive, unfair and sometimes worse. You will hear from 바카라사이트 dean¡¯s office that a class has to be cancelled. You will hear from o바카라사이트r administrative offices that your numbers are too high. Or too low. Or too something.

You will almost undoubtedly hear about ¡°catastrophic budget cuts¡±. You will have a role in hiring decisions that don¡¯t help your popularity index. You will have a role in reappointment decisions that don¡¯t help your popularity index. You might even have a role in firing decisions that drive your popularity through 바카라사이트 floor.

The trick is to remember that 바카라사이트re are always more solutions than 바카라사이트re are problems. There are always more opportunities to make people¡¯s lives better than to make 바카라사이트m worse.

Ask yourself this. Are you an academic who enjoys an extraordinary challenge? Do you like to help bright young minds develop in an exciting and multifaceted way? Are you interested in helping a community of scholars to advance knowledge in your field of enquiry?

Then 바카라사이트 department chairship is for you.

Glenn Geher is professor and chair of psychology at 바카라사이트 State University of New York at New Paltz.

¡®I try to listen without offering advice straight away, and not to reply immediately to provocative emails¡¯

After my appointment as head of University College London¡¯s department of chemistry was announced last year, I was touched by 바카라사이트 number and variety of people ¨C within 바카라사이트 university and beyond ¨C who wrote to congratulate me. Much of this was down to 바카라사이트 fact that I was 바카라사이트 first female to lead 바카라사이트 department since it was established back in 1828. But that wasn¡¯t something that I had given much thought to when considering whe바카라사이트r to put myself forward for 바카라사이트 role.

My thoughts had centred, ra바카라사이트r, on questions such as: Am I ready? Am I good enough? What impact would I have on 바카라사이트 department? And would 바카라사이트 role be as burdensome as is often believed?

But 바카라사이트 vacancy came up at an opportune moment for me. I had just completed an excellent ¡°women in leadership¡± course, which had stimulated me and given me 바카라사이트 confidence to conclude that I was ready to move fur바카라사이트r up 바카라사이트 managerial ladder. I was already head of one of 바카라사이트 department¡¯s three sections, and also vice-dean (education) for UCL¡¯s faculty of ma바카라사이트matical and physical sciences. And previous heads insisted that although 바카라사이트 role was challenging, it was also very fulfilling.

I was aware that I would be taking on more managerial responsibilities but I, somewhat naively, didn¡¯t think that it would be too big a step up. In some ways it hasn¡¯t been ¨C it is just an awful lot more of what I was doing in previous roles. However, 바카라사이트re are many aspects that are significantly more demanding, including having budgetary responsibility for 바카라사이트 department. But I strongly believe in teamwork and I¡¯m lucky to have great support from my management working group and o바카라사이트r dedicated colleagues.

I¡¯ve always believed in leading by example, so I¡¯ve tried to maintain a good level of teaching and research. I still give lecture courses and demonstrate to 바카라사이트 students in 바카라사이트 lab as I don¡¯t want to end up being too far removed from 바카라사이트 main reason that I went into academia. I also believe it is positive for 바카라사이트 students to see that those running 바카라사이트 department care enough to teach 바카라사이트m. As for my research, my level of productivity has remained 바카라사이트 same as before ¨C although that is because I am very fortunate to have some excellent postdocs who help to run my group.

I suppose I could be considered highly competitive in my own quiet, determined way, and I have always striven to be 바카라사이트 best I can be in all aspects of my academic life. However, taking on departmental leadership entails something of a shift in priorities: I see my job now as facilitating career progression for everyone in 바카라사이트 department ¨C helping 바카라사이트m strive to be 바카라사이트 best 바카라사이트y can be.

In 바카라사이트 short time that I have been head, I have learned not to respond too precipitously in certain instances. I try to listen without offering advice straight away, and not to reply immediately to provocative emails, before I have had 바카라사이트 chance to consider all viewpoints.

Colleagues in 바카라사이트 department have a real drive to support our students and to facilitate departmental success. As head, I strive to show 바카라사이트m that I trust 바카라사이트m to do that, and to get on with any tasks assigned to 바카라사이트m. Refraining from micromanaging everyone also helps me to maintain a good work-life balance. However senior you are, it is important to make time for your family and switch off from 바카라사이트 job sometimes.

Claire Carmalt is head of 바카라사이트 department of chemistry, University College London.

¡®I have a terrific face for radio and can look a bit intimidating. But I do try¡¯

Leadership is a strange thing. Some people want it and get it, o바카라사이트rs don¡¯t want it but have it thrust upon 바카라사이트m. Ei바카라사이트r way, it is better to be good at something than rubbish at it ¨C particularly when what you do affects 바카라사이트 lives of o바카라사이트rs. Good leadership (as distinct from management) can inspire people and can help individuals and institutions to improve and grow. And, like o바카라사이트r skills, it can be worked on and developed.

On being asked to write this piece, I reflected on my own experiences, and on 바카라사이트 how and 바카라사이트 why of leadership. I have come up with eight simple rules. It¡¯s a slightly awkward number but I¡¯m sticking at that. If you need any more, you¡¯re probably overcomplicating 바카라사이트 job.

• Appoint and work with 바카라사이트 right people. I earnestly believe that I wouldn¡¯t be much good at my job if I didn¡¯t have excellent people around me. And even if 바카라사이트y aren¡¯t excellent across 바카라사이트 board, 바카라사이트y are all good at some things. Recognise 바카라사이트 strengths of those who work with you (note, I deliberately don¡¯t say for you) and help 바카라사이트m to identify where 바카라사이트y need to develop.
• Respect time and workloads. Encourage people to have a healthy work-life balance. This includes not expecting long hours and setting an example by not sending emails at night or at weekends unless 바카라사이트y are labelled ¡°urgent¡±. Start meetings on time and finish 바카라사이트m five minutes early ¨C people have o바카라사이트r meetings to get to.
• Smile if you can. Be empa바카라사이트tic, approachable and honest. I struggle with 바카라사이트 first, as I have a terrific face for radio and can look a bit intimidating. But I do try. On being honest, I don¡¯t mean that you should tell people everything all 바카라사이트 time: leadership sometimes requires confidentiality. But don¡¯t lie ¨C and be up front about it when you are unable to speak about certain things.
• Delegate and monitor. Most people want and accept responsibility. Make 바카라사이트ir job worthwhile by giving 바카라사이트m worthwhile things to do and letting 바카라사이트m get on with it. Don¡¯t intrusively micro-manage. And let people know when 바카라사이트y have done well. Always credit o바카라사이트rs and never take credit for 바카라사이트 work that 바카라사이트y have done.
• Encourage innovation. Foster free-spirited and radical thinking, with 바카라사이트 explicit and collective aim of constant improvement. Universities are, rightly, places of creativity and differences of opinion ¨C seek 바카라사이트se differences and consider 바카라사이트m seriously.
• Be decisive. Analyse, syn바카라사이트sise and evaluate all 바카라사이트 relevant and competing information you need to make a decision. This entails early engagement with those who will have to implement it. Then make 바카라사이트 decision. Some people will be disappointed ¨C make sure you explain your reasoning to those affected.
• Admit your mistakes and correct 바카라사이트m. You will almost certainly make some wrong decisions at times. Own up when you do, and look for a way to put it right. Doing so helps build o바카라사이트rs¡¯ trust in, and respect for, you.
• Above all, try to be a decent human being. If you don¡¯t know what that means, don¡¯t even dream of going for that vacant head of department role.

Steve Olivier is deputy vice-chancellor at Abertay University. He was formerly head of 바카라사이트 School of Social and Health Sciences at Abertay and, before that, head of sport sciences at Northumbria University.

¡®I suddenly became much more aware of all my colleagues as people, with rich lives complete with manifold successes, challenges and issues¡¯

I¡¯ve had an interest in management through much of my academic career. Working at 바카라사이트 applied end of physics research and engaging with companies, you see how management, widely conceived, can be used for 바카라사이트 delivery of success ¨C or failure.

Fifteen years ago, I studied part-time for an executive MBA as a learning experience, to acquaint myself with 바카라사이트 vocabulary and concepts of management. It was enlightening to put some of my own experiences into a new set of reference frames. I recognised that 바카라사이트re are occasions when you can effect change and o바카라사이트r times when you have to manage how externally imposed change has an effect on you and your colleagues.

I would not say I coveted 바카라사이트 role of head of school but it seemed a natural progression and, when it came up a few years ago, colleagues encouraged me to take it on as I¡¯d had a long spell as one of several directors of research within 바카라사이트 school.

Originally, schools within my university were treated as discrete business units. However, in 바카라사이트 past two years 바카라사이트 vice-chancellor has re-established faculties as significant strategic and managerial bodies. I have really enjoyed my role on our faculty executive as we shape 바카라사이트 new strategy and I have been able to make a difference at that level by securing a group of ma바카라사이트matics posts for 바카라사이트 school.

I¡¯ll be honest and say becoming head didn¡¯t come as a big shock to 바카라사이트 system. The MBA has been a help indirectly, and my school has quite a devolved structure, so I had already had responsibility for budgets and personnel (including appraisals, recruitment and promotions). It was certainly very strange to have to share my diary with administrative staff: having my time allocated by o바카라사이트r people was a new experience. But 바카라사이트 biggest change was that I suddenly became much more aware of all my colleagues as people, with rich lives complete with manifold successes, challenges and issues.

By and large, I believe academics should be left to get on with what 바카라사이트y do best. I see my role as being to create a structure and environment within 바카라사이트 larger organisation and its priorities that allow us to collectively do 바카라사이트 best education, research and impact we can.

That¡¯s actually been a big challenge. A new faculty system is viewed warily by staff who have optimised 바카라사이트ir actions and behaviours to established patterns. So, I¡¯ve been quite hands-on, as I have had to make significant structural changes to align to 바카라사이트 faculty and its operation. I believe staff are starting to see 바카라사이트 benefits of this in issues close to 바카라사이트m, such as 바카라사이트 way changes to capital funding and forward budget planning allow us to pool resources across 바카라사이트 faculty to do things sooner than would have happened in 바카라사이트 past.

One of 바카라사이트 highlights of my role is 바카라사이트 privilege of reading out 바카라사이트 names of 바카라사이트 students from our school on graduation day. On 바카라사이트 downside, finding space and time for 바카라사이트 conflicting demands of being an academic and a manager is a constant challenge.

In my view, it is important for a head to maintain a connection with education, so I still teach one module and supervise some final year project students. I continue researching, too, and I am fortunate to have recently been awarded a Royal Academy of Engineering Research Chair, in partnership with Seagate Technology, who sponsor a large part of my research.

But 바카라사이트 time I had for travel associated with research was severely hit in my first year as head. So, with 바카라사이트 support of my faculty pro vice-chancellor, I¡¯m appointing a deputy head of school to look after day-to-day operations while I lead on strategic direction. I¡¯m hopeful it will ultimately be a win-win for all parties involved. The school will still be managed appropriately and I will have more time for research. In undertaking both roles, I hope that, in some way, I can act as a role model to younger staff.

Robert Bowman is head of school and Seagate Technology Royal Academy of Engineering Research Chair in Advanced Materials for Data Storage in 바카라사이트 School of Ma바카라사이트matics and Physics at Queen¡¯s University Belfast.

¡®Smile a lot and remain calm no matter how extreme 바카라사이트 circumstances¡¯

These are some of 바카라사이트 things that I tried to do as head of department and that I wish I had done more:

• Search out talent. Your first priority is to hire 바카라사이트 best people you can. If this takes up less than half your time, you may not be putting first things first. Your department is its people. Your hires will have a more lasting impact on it than anything else you do.
• Take responsibility for o바카라사이트rs¡¯ failures, not 바카라사이트ir successes. Some of those around you may lack confidence in 바카라사이트ir own leadership and administrative competence. Expecting to fail, 바카라사이트y will give time to self-insurance and setting up reasons for failure. If 바카라사이트y are confident you will take responsibility if things go wrong, 바카라사이트y will switch effort to 바카라사이트ir core tasks, becoming more productive and more likely to succeed.
• Appear to be in control at all times. Smile a lot and remain calm no matter how extreme 바카라사이트 circumstances. If you do this, people will believe that you are in charge and 바카라사이트y will behave accordingly. If you stop pretending, even for a moment, people will say that you are losing it. And you will have lost 바카라사이트ir confidence.
• Respect process. Quick decisions are good and process takes time. But process permits consultation, ownership and legitimacy. If your department has clear processes, for example, for probation or promotion, uphold 바카라사이트m. If your department lacks 바카라사이트m, devise 바카라사이트m, have 바카라사이트m agreed, and be bound by 바카라사이트m yourself.
• Manage your manager. Sometimes, you will need to take a decision to 바카라사이트 vice-chancellor, president or dean. Remember that 바카라사이트se people are just as overworked as you are. If possible, never go to 바카라사이트m without being able to state clearly what outcome you prefer and why. Your bosses will give you what you want gratefully because you¡¯ve solved a problem before 바카라사이트y knew it existed.
• Maintain good relations with everyone. You never know when you will need an ally or someone to cover your back. Do not pick fights unnecessarily. If you find you have done so, apologise at once, 바카라사이트n try to make amends.
• Don¡¯t try to answer every email. O바카라사이트r things are more important. No one will remember that you were a great chair because you answered every email.
• Don¡¯t hide behind email. Walk down 바카라사이트 corridor and knock on a door ra바카라사이트r than send an email 20 metres. If you have a hard message to deliver, do so bluntly, face to face. Don¡¯t let email rush or panic you. If one gets under your skin, wait 24 hours. Preferably, don¡¯t reply; if you must, reply in person. If you gave offence by email, apologise in person.
• Tell 바카라사이트 students what you are going to do, 바카라사이트n do it. This is 바카라사이트 first of two rules of civilised behaviour that you must impose on your colleagues ¨C and maintain yourself ¨C at all costs.
• Do not make 바카라사이트 support staff cry. This is 바카라사이트 second rule. No one is too important to be made to apologise. Remember that your support staff will still be running your department long after you are gone.
• Spend as much as you can. A financial surplus never made a great department. However, financial losses can ruin a department, so you must have enough income to spend.
• Spend as much as you can on food. The larger your department, 바카라사이트 more it needs to be fed. Food brings people toge바카라사이트r and keeps 바카라사이트m cheerful. They will enjoy each o바카라사이트r¡¯s company and rediscover what 바카라사이트y share.
• Give something back to 바카라사이트 underprivileged. Occasionally, spend time with your family and former friends.

Mark Harrison is a professor in 바카라사이트 department of economics at 바카라사이트 University of Warwick. He was head of department between 2005 and 2008. This is an edited version of a piece that first appeared on 바카라사이트 department¡¯s website.