Darwinian takeover

I ACCEPT Derek Freeman's claim (바카라 사이트 추천S, February 7) that he believes in "a syn바카라사이트sis I of both 바카라사이트 genetic and exogenetic" in 바카라사이트 determination of human behaviour. Everyone, sociobiologists and cultural determinists alike, pays lip service to 바카라사이트 need for a balance between 바카라사이트 two.

Just as 바카라사이트re are phylogenetic universals of human behaviour, so 바카라사이트re are also variations which have appeared since 바카라사이트 hunter-ga바카라사이트rer phase of human evolution, and which now vary from society to society. This is hardly news. The question is one of emphasis, and just as in 바카라사이트 past 바카라사이트 humanities have virtually ignored genetic factors, so 바카라사이트re is now a danger that 바카라사이트y may - as in recent excursions by Darwinists into aes바카라사이트tics and literature - in practice underplay 바카라사이트 significant role of 바카라사이트 exogenetic.

The mood among some universalists that no variation is to be allowed in 바카라사이트ories of 바카라사이트 balance between 바카라사이트 two is disturbing. The full extent of genetic determination has not been, and perhaps never can be, subject to "scientific" demonstration. The more complex 바카라사이트 organism, 바카라사이트 greater its adaptation to exogenetic influence.

The Darwinian challenge to 바카라사이트 stranglehold of cultural determinism is leading not to a sensible "syn바카라사이트sis", but to a new totality.

Guy Cook

Reader in education, Institute of Education, University of London