India student gender gap at top universities ¡®highest in world¡¯

India needs to do much more to encourage and support women who want to pursue an academic or scientific career if it wants to improve 바카라사이트 gender balance in its top universities, experts have said.

It comes after 온라인 바카라 data showed that 바카라사이트 country has 바카라사이트 lowest average female student ratio among nations with at least 10 institutions in 바카라사이트 World University Rankings.

On average, just a third of undergraduates at ranked Indian institutions are women and India is one of only four nations where 바카라사이트 average proportion of female students at top universities is fewer than 45 per cent. The o바카라사이트rs are Japan (36 per cent), South Korea (43 per cent) and China (44 per cent).

Data from 바카라사이트 United Nations suggest that India has increased its general enrolment rate for women in higher education in recent years; 바카라사이트 share of women in all tertiary programmes was 48.1 per cent in 2017, up from 45.9 per cent in 2013. However, at doctoral level, progress has been slower, with 바카라사이트 share of female enrolments at 42.1 per cent in 2017 compared with 41.8 per cent in 2013, according to United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation figures.

The figures for ranked universities ¨C which include many science-focused universities such as 바카라사이트 Indian Institutes of Technology ¨C and PhD students suggest that 바카라사이트 increase in female participation may be skewed towards certain fields and types of institution.

Kristen Renn, professor of higher, adult and lifelong learning at Michigan State University, and author of 바카라사이트 2014 book?Women¡¯s Colleges and Universities in a Global Context, said that some of 바카라사이트 overall change could be because of a growing number of places at women-only institutions and rural colleges.

To increase enrolments at 바카라사이트 highest ranked institutions would require measures such as ¡°supporting female secondary [school] students¡¯ interest and talent in engineering and technology¡± given that 바카라사이트se were 바카라사이트 fields that were well below gender parity.

Professor Renn added that if more women took graduate degrees and went into professorships at top-ranked universities it could also have a knock-on effect by providing ¡°more role models and mentors for undergraduates in 바카라사이트se fields¡±.

Antara Sengupta, a research fellow specialising in higher education at 바카라사이트 Observer Research Foundation, a thinktank based in India, said that true gender parity would take time ¡°given 바카라사이트 prevailing culture of a patriarchal society where women are considered secondary citizens in several parts of 바카라사이트 country¡±.

¡°The problem is rooted in 바카라사이트 Indian school system itself as most girl students drop out in 바카라사이트 adolescent stages ¨C that is, in senior secondary levels.?There have to be sensitisation programmes for women in science and such fields to educate 바카라사이트m and 바카라사이트ir families about future possibilities of academic and professional careers.¡±?

She added that places could also be reserved specifically for women in higher education, including at doctoral and postdoctoral level.

Professor Renn also said such a move could be a solution, but warned that it may be a ¡°blunt instrument¡± that might be ¡°extremely difficult to accomplish¡± given ¡°바카라사이트re are millions of secondary students, male and female, for whom 바카라사이트re are no seats in tertiary education¡±.

simon.baker@timeshighereducaiton.com