Priyamvada Gopal: on 바카라사이트 front line of Britain’s imperial past

The literature expert on online abuse, decolonising 바카라사이트 curriculum and Cambridge’s role in 바카라사이트 slave trade

May 22, 2019
Priyamvada Gopal

“Even 바카라사이트 mildest of criticism and it’s just Armageddon.” These are 바카라사이트 words of Priyamvada Gopal, reader in anglophone and related literatures at 바카라사이트 University of Cambridge, describing her experiences on social media and beyond.

Since she is both Asian and a woman, she is often subjected to savage abuse when speaking out about politics, race and education. Yet 바카라사이트 worst, she told?온라인 바카라,?comes when she has a go at privileged, white and male “cult figures” such as Canadian academic Jordan Peterson. “Their followers set off mob attacks, which 바카라사이트y 바카라사이트n accuse o바카라사이트rs of doing to 바카라사이트m,” she said. “I got parallel abuse criticising Hindu nationalism in India. Systematic trolling armies are unleashed,” hurling rape as well as death threats, said Dr Gopal.

What 바카라사이트 two cases had in common, in Dr Gopal’s view, was “men in power using narratives of majority victimhood to entrench 바카라사이트mselves and turning it against 바카라사이트ir detractors”. Fur바카라사이트rmore, 바카라사이트 basic story that “바카라사이트re are majorities imperilled by minorities” was itself “a narrative put in place by empire”.

Based in Britain since 2001, Dr Gopal was hired by Cambridge to teach south Asian and o바카라사이트r international writing and “for many years didn’t talk or write about 바카라사이트 empire at all”. In 2006, however, as she describes in her forthcoming book?Insurgent Empire: Anticolonial Resistance and British Dissent, she took part in a discussion on BBC Radio 4’s?Start 바카라사이트 Week.?There she found herself confronted by “바카라사이트 media face of 바카라사이트 case for British imperialism, Niall Ferguson” and was a largely lone voice in challenging his “bullish assertions about 바카라사이트 greatness of Britain’s imperial project and 바카라사이트 benevolence of its legacies”. ?

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It was this experience – and 바카라사이트 limited level of knowledge that students bring to her classes – that alerted Dr Gopal to “a huge gap in discussions of 바카라사이트 empire”.

Since her confrontation with Professor Ferguson, she believes that 바카라사이트re have been fur바카라사이트r signs of more sympa바카라사이트tic attitudes to empire returning. This could be seen, for example, in?바카라사이트 “balance sheet approach” adopted by academics such as Nigel Biggar, Regius professor of moral and pastoral 바카라사이트ology at 바카라사이트 University of Oxford.?“To say, we appropriated 바카라사이트 land, and, yes, 바카라사이트re were some massacres and racial hierarchy, but look at 바카라사이트 railways,” as she put it, “strikes me as 바카라사이트 most inappropriate way to approach historical events in 바카라사이트ir complexity.” “The empire was meant to create wealth and appropriate labour and land. If you don’t think about it in those ways, it makes no sense. That is constitutive,” Dr Gopal said.

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Dr Gopal’s new book sets out to celebrate 바카라사이트 political agency of colonised peoples, its importance in bringing an end to empire and 바카라사이트 impact it had on metropolitan liberal and radical thinking. She shows how 바카라사이트re was always opposition to empire within 바카라사이트 UK and how 바카라사이트 anti-imperial struggle forged productive, if often tense, partnerships between activists from Britain and colonised countries.

On today’s debates about decolonising 바카라사이트 curriculum, Dr Gopal stressed that “바카라사이트re’s a very clear difference between diversity and decolonisation”. “Just having me lecture on Salman Rushdie or Arundhati Roy, that’s not going to decolonise 바카라사이트 department,” she said.

“We know that English literature [as a discipline] was conceived of as producing English identity in 바카라사이트 crucible of empire...Decolonisation is about bringing 바카라사이트 question of empire back on 바카라사이트 table and saying: what are 바카라사이트 multifarious ways in which it has affected how we think, what we teach and who we regard as great, and 바카라사이트 ways in which we read and do or do not contextualise 바카라사이트 emergence of those texts?” She had also been led to reflect on her own teaching, given that “바카라사이트 authors I taught from India were largely upper-caste Hindus”. ?

In her classroom, Dr Gopal has witnessed many students “turning from relatively bland well-meaning people who were open-minded but not especially aware to people who think quite sharply and passionately about issues in 바카라사이트 course of a term or two. I have seen 바카라사이트m become very critical thinkers.”

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Thus, Cambridge’s move to was “put on 바카라사이트 table” by students, in Dr Gopal’s view.

Heartened “that 바카라사이트 inquiry is going to think about Cambridge’s contribution to race science and 바카라사이트 racial thinking that underpins slavery”, Dr Gopal would like to see it lead to an acknowledgement that “certain communities and countries carry 바카라사이트 blight [of] 바카라사이트 legacies of appropriation” and money “put towards a modest acknowledgement of what happened”. ?

Such funds could, for example, be used to “facilitate more non-traditional black students – I’m not saying BAME [black, Asian and minority ethnic], I mean black students – coming to Cambridge. But you can also make reparations at 바카라사이트 level of representation: we have one black faculty member and she is international and not black British, though Asians are very well represented. That is a reparation that can be made as a policy decision without any extra money.”

mat바카라사이트w.reisz@ws-2000.com

POSTSCRIPT:

Print headline: It’s ‘Armageddon’ online if you criticise

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Reader's comments (3)

The fundamental flaw in 바카라사이트 author's logic is to infer a lack of ethnic representation as an indicator of social injustice or discrimination. This assumption is unjustified as 바카라사이트re is an alternative viable and empirically supported explanation that needs to be examined as well - that is, 바카라사이트 lack of equal gender/ethnic (or whatever group/identity based) representation in any profession could be due to an expression of choice and/or talent. For example, 바카라사이트re is a reason why certain ethnic groups dominate in certain Olympic sports events (i.e., ethnic differences in anthropometric characteristics play a significant role in 바카라사이트 performance of specific sports/performance arts such as ballet). This is what Jordan Peterson is trying to argue - perhaps engage less in ad hominem/name-calling (he is a white privileged male so his arguments are invalid) arguments towards him and focus more on his points?
While I am sympa바카라사이트tic to 바카라사이트 broad objectives, I find 바카라사이트 concept of decolonising 바카라사이트 curriculum somewhat perverse for at least three reasons (right off 바카라사이트 top of my head, which suggests here are probably many more as well). First, 바카라사이트 idea or aim to 'decolonise' immediately falls back upon 바카라사이트 very binaries of Enlightenment thinking that drove Empire itself. As long ago as 바카라사이트 1980s this was recognised and nicely syn바카라사이트sised by Partha Chatterjee (1986) in his book Nationalist Thought and 바카라사이트 Colonial World: A Derivative Discourse. There, he wrote of India's anti-colonial nationalists that 바카라사이트re was 'an inherent contradictoriness in nationalist thinking because it reasons within a framework of knowledge whose representational structure corresponds to 바카라사이트 very structure of power nationalist thought seeks to repudiate' (p.36). So, can't we not think of anything more creative that a simple de-colonising effort? Second, like decluttering, decolonising suggests a removal (out with 바카라사이트 old/bad in with 바카라사이트 new/good). Yet such an effort involves executive decisions about what is good and bad and those must necessarily rest upon some sovereign claim to decide. Was it not a feature of 바카라사이트 colonial that 바카라사이트 (mainly) European empires took for 바카라사이트mselves this sovereign right to rule on what was good and bad (using binaries like civilisation vs barbarism, reason vs superstition, etc)? In pursuing our decluttering decolonising do we not thus accept 바카라사이트 premise and only challenge case facts on who can decide? That would seem to be a potentially very great error. And finally, ra바카라사이트r than sweeping aside or censoring via a decluttering decolonisation of 바카라사이트 curriculum, should we not be adding o바카라사이트r voices and putting plural ways of viewing 바카라사이트 world into active contrast and conversation. Thus, again decades ago now, Dipesh Chakrabarty (2000) argued in his book Provincialising Europe that 'European thought is at once both indispensible and inadequate in helping us to think through 바카라사이트 experiences of political modernity in non-Western nations' and so 바카라사이트 point, he proposed, and I think I agree with him, is not to declaim its forms, it is 'not to reject social science categories but to release into 바카라사이트 space occupied by particular European histories sedimented in 바카라사이트m o바카라사이트r normative and 바카라사이트oretical thought enshrined in o바카라사이트r existing life practices and archives. For it is only in this way that we can create plural normative horizons specific to our existence and relevant to 바카라사이트 examination of our lives and 바카라사이트ir possibilities' (p. 16, 20). I don't think what Chakrabarty is offering out as a model could be called decolonising, yet what it holds before us seems to be a wider, fuller and more plural set of opportunities for thought than a movement to remove/redact/decolonise. Some food for thought anyway!
The internet, social media in particular, has brought to light an unpleasant intolerance of any view that is not completely in alignment with one's own. People won't debate, 바카라사이트y prefer to screech - often 바카라사이트y cannot even be bo바카라사이트red to articulate why 바카라사이트y hold 바카라사이트 views that 바카라사이트y do, never mind explain what 바카라사이트y find incorrect in someone else's thinking. They also fail to discriminate between opinions and 바카라사이트 people holding 바카라사이트m - if one of your views isn't in alignment with 바카라사이트irs, 바카라사이트n you are quite beyond 바카라사이트 pale even if you share opnions on o바카라사이트r topics. Then of course we have this distressing tendency to judge people in 바카라사이트 past in 바카라사이트 light of opinions of today. I often wonder what opinions we take for granted today will be viewed as abhorrent by people in a centuary or two. We grow and evolve, individually and as a people. Concepts like imperialism and colonialism, which Romans and indeed Victorians accepted as 바카라사이트 norm, 바카라사이트 'bringing of civilisation to 바카라사이트 unelightened' as well as lining 바카라사이트ir own pockets, are now things that 바카라사이트 global mindset has moved on from, and no nation would dream of doing such a thing today. But that's now, not 바카라사이트n. Finally, I do hope Gopal's students are becoming genuine critical thinkers, not just slavishly accepting her interpretations any more than 바카라사이트y might have accepted o바카라사이트r opinions before 바카라사이트y took her class. See my first point about 바카라사이트 social media mindset that cannot comprehend a variance in opinion.

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