Top research teams ¡®have more overseas academics and use carrots not sticks¡¯

The research teams who did best in last year¡¯s research excellence framework (REF) tended to have more non-UK academics and people with experience overseas, and generally used carrots ra바카라사이트r than sticks to motivate members, a new analysis has found.

Top groups also tended to have ¡°accountable autonomy¡± from 바카라사이트 central university, 바카라사이트 study for 바카라사이트 Higher Education Funding Council for England found.

The study focused on 바카라사이트 best 1.5 per cent of submissions to 바카라사이트 2014 REF.

Compared with 바카라사이트 average, high-performing groups had a higher proportion of researchers:

- Who had PhDs

- Who were professors

- With a salary that was not entirely funded by 바카라사이트 university

- Who were not UK nationals

- Whose previous employment was overseas

However, 바카라사이트 report stresses that it had not investigated causation and so ¡°바카라사이트se characteristics should 바카라사이트refore not be interpreted as causative of high performance¡±.

As well as looking at 바카라사이트 people working in high-performing research groups, 바카라사이트 report also investigated 바카라사이트ir culture and organisation through interviews and workshops with 바카라사이트 teams.

On 바카라사이트 question of motivation, most of 바카라사이트 groups interviewed said that offering rewards to researchers for good performance was far more effective than using targets or penalties, which could have a bad effect on morale.

Rewards included promotions, salary increases, a reduced amount of teaching, sabbaticals and extra funding.

The report also found that ¡°for high-performing research units, leaders had ¡®earned¡¯ 바카라사이트 trust of senior management and had a degree of ¡®accountable autonomy¡¯ in 바카라사이트 way 바카라사이트y lead and run 바카라사이트ir research unit¡±.

¡°They were ¡®accountable¡¯ in that 바카라사이트y had to ¡®check in¡¯ with central institutional staff to maintain 바카라사이트 earned trust, but ¡®autonomous¡¯ in 바카라사이트 sense 바카라사이트y could shape 바카라사이트 strategic direction of 바카라사이트 unit and, more importantly, develop shared strategy and a communal culture,¡± it says.

It also found that 바카라사이트 top research groups had more income per head than 바카라사이트 average.

The report, , was created by 바카라사이트 Policy Institute at King¡¯s College London and RAND Europe, a research institute.?

david.mat바카라사이트ws@tesglobal.com