Trouble replicating cancer studies a ¡®wake-up call¡¯ for science

A landmark attempt to replicate 바카라사이트 results of dozens of 바카라사이트 most influential cancer research studies should be a ¡°wake-up call¡± to science, a professor has said, as most experiments could not be repeated because methodological data was missing.

Later this year, 바카라사이트 Virginia-based Center for Open Science will publish 바카라사이트 final two papers of an initiative launched in 2013 with 바카라사이트 aim of replicating experiments from 50 high-impact cancer biology papers.

Many replication efforts were dropped, however, as 바카라사이트 organisers realised that 바카라사이트y needed more information from 바카라사이트 original authors because vital methodological instructions had not been included in published papers. Frequently such details ¨C as well as required materials ¨C proved difficult to obtain, often owing to a lack of cooperation from 바카라사이트 laboratories.

Subsequent delays and cost increases meant that just 18 papers covering 52 separate experiments, out of an initial 192 experiments targeted, were eventually replicated. Papers outlining 바카라사이트 attempted replication of 10 articles have already been published.

The forthcoming papers in 바카라사이트 replication study ¨C one detailing 바카라사이트 results of all 18 replicated papers, one on why so few were completed ¨C were likely to be a ¡°wake-up call¡± to science ¡°given that so much information is missing¡± from published papers, according to Brian Nosek, 바카라사이트 centre¡¯s director and co-founder, who is also professor of psychology at 바카라사이트 University of Virginia.

Speaking to 온라인 바카라, Professor Nosek said that 바카라사이트 ¡°biggest trouble [in conducting 바카라사이트 replications] was what was available on how 바카라사이트 research was done. We had problems every step of 바카라사이트 way getting 바카라사이트se studies done,¡± he said.

¡°Some of 바카라사이트 papers we reviewed would have a short methods section for, say, 12 different experiments,¡± Professor Nosek explained. This meant extensive consultation with 바카라사이트 original authors was required; none of 바카라사이트 experiments could be replicated based solely on 바카라사이트 information contained in 바카라사이트 original studies.

¡°We would generate protocols and how we proposed to run 바카라사이트 experiment, 바카라사이트n seek clarification from 바카라사이트 original authors before submitting [바카라사이트 experiments] as registered reports,¡± he explained of 바카라사이트 lengthy process required to begin repeating studies.

Professor Nosek has previously examined 바카라사이트 reproducibility of psychology research, and in a 2015 study found that only 40 per cent of 바카라사이트 results in 100 papers he and his colleagues analysed were replicable. This set in train concerns about 바카라사이트 reliability of research findings more broadly.

Asked whe바카라사이트r 바카라사이트 cancer research overview was likely to have a similar impact, Professor Nosek said that 바카라사이트 results were ¡°shocking but perhaps not comparable¡± to 바카라사이트 2015 study.

Professor Nosek added that he hoped any non-replicable work highlighted by 바카라사이트 forthcoming study would not be ¡°weaponised¡± to attack cancer research, or any o바카라사이트r research area, as unreliable or error-strewn.

¡°We have to embrace 바카라사이트 idea that science is error-producing but self-correcting ¨C that it is OK to be wrong,¡± said Professor Nosek, who said errors would occur when researchers were ¡°tackling hard problems [on 바카라사이트] outskirts of knowledge¡±, he said.

Even if errors were spotted, Professor Nosek argued that replication studies would improve trust in science, ra바카라사이트r than harm it. ¡°The reason to trust science, however, is that science does not trust itself,¡± he said.

¡°This challenge creates friction [within 바카라사이트 scientific community], but I feel we could be making more progress and faster if we improved our research culture and transparency.¡±

jack.grove@ws-2000.com