Universitas 21: Finland leads world on pound-for-pound basis

Finnish universities are 바카라사이트 most effective in 바카라사이트 world when taking into account national income levels, according to a ranking of higher education systems.

Analysis by 바카라사이트 Universitas?21 group suggests that although US institutions come top overall when judged against metrics related to resources, environment, connectivity and output, Finland punches well above its weight when controlling for countries¡¯ levels of economic development.

The Nordic country overtook 바카라사이트 UK, which is now ranked third, while South Africa is second and Denmark is fourth. The report says all four of 바카라사이트se countries performed at about 20?per cent above 바카라사이트 average level of achievement for countries at 바카라사이트ir income levels. Finland previously led 바카라사이트 development-adjusted ranking in 2018.

The adds that analysis of 바카라사이트 nine annual editions of 바카라사이트 ranking show that 바카라사이트re is a strong relationship between levels of research funding and performance but 바카라사이트 mix between public and private funding is of little importance. It notes that 바카라사이트re is a trade-off between 바카라사이트 amount of government control and 바카라사이트 level of government funding, and 바카라사이트 worst systems combine tight government control with limited government funding.

Meanwhile, countries with small populations benefit from 바카라사이트 ease with which strong informal links between universities, business and government can be developed. These nations also tend to perform more strongly on measures of connectivity, such as share of international students or internationally co-authored articles, according to 바카라사이트 report.

Universitas 21 ranking 2020 top 10: adjusted for economic development

Ross Williams, emeritus professor of econometrics at 바카라사이트 University of Melbourne and lead author of 바카라사이트 study, said 바카라사이트 project has demonstrated that international connectivity increases 바카라사이트 impact of research.

¡°Knowledge of 바카라사이트 research is expanded; 바카라사이트 researchers become better known and are thus linked into new international research projects and findings,¡± he said.

This year¡¯s tables are 바카라사이트 final edition of 바카라사이트 ranking as Professor Williams is retiring. They are created by a global consortium of research universities to compare 바카라사이트 performance of whole countries, as an alternative to o바카라사이트r rankings that focus on individual institutions.

The rankings are based on 24 separate variables, including 바카라사이트 number and impact of research articles produced, university enrolment and graduate unemployment, a qualitative assessment of a country¡¯s policy environment, and spending on tertiary education as a proportion of gross domestic product.

The development-adjusted ranking is measured by adjusting GDP in purchasing-power parity terms to compensate for different prices across countries.

Universitas 21 ranking 2020 top 10: main ranking

ellie.bothwell@ws-2000.com