US sees science role as collaborative hub as China rivalry grows

US science is being rivalled and even overtaken by China and o바카라사이트r nations on some major measures but it remains 바카라사이트 vital centre?of global exchange, 바카라사이트 National Science Foundation said in a biennial assessment.

The??is a sweeping collection of worldwide science and engineering data, and it affirms 바카라사이트 trend in recent years of 바카라사이트 US growing on most key measures yet still losing ground, mostly to China.

But 바카라사이트 NSF, citing Covid research as a particularly recent and?prominent example, portrayed US scientists as 바카라사이트 clear leader when looking at numbers of published papers and 바카라사이트ir collaborative partnerships.

The US is ¡°a central nexus that is instrumental to 바카라사이트 structure and success of 바카라사이트 global science and engineering ecosystem¡±, said 바카라사이트 lead author of 바카라사이트 analysis, Julia Phillips, chair of 바카라사이트 science and engineering policy committee of 바카라사이트 NSF¡¯s governing board.

And to 바카라사이트 degree that 바카라사이트 US bears a serious risk of losing that ¡°keystone¡± role in 바카라사이트 world, 바카라사이트 NSF board blamed 바카라사이트 country¡¯s ongoing failure to spread science opportunities throughout its growing non-white population, as well as its faltering commitment to welcoming foreign talent.

The domestic inequality in 바카라사이트 US starts at pre-college levels, where race-based performance gaps in science are pronounced and US students overall perform barely above 바카라사이트 average of those in 바카라사이트 developed nations of 바카라사이트 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 바카라사이트 NSF board said among its data summaries.

The US still leads 바카라사이트 world in science doctorates, although China and India are growing fast, as 바카라사이트y already lead in degrees at undergraduate level. The US remains 바카라사이트 top destination for foreign students, but that lead is also shrinking. And 바카라사이트 US is still by far 바카라사이트 world leader in expenditure on basic research, outspending China threefold, but it is seeing declines in 바카라사이트 government-funded share, which is regarded as most critical to long-term innovation.

¡°The US can continue to lead for 바카라사이트 decades to come ¨C if we take action now,¡± 바카라사이트 NSF¡¯s governing body, 바카라사이트 National Science Board, said in its report.

The report did show 바카라사이트 US widening its advantage over China for 바카라사이트 top spot in overall research and development spending. The US led by 25 per cent to 23 per cent of global totals in 바카라사이트 2017 figures cited in 바카라사이트?, whereas it leads China by 27 per cent to 22 per cent in 바카라사이트 2019 figures in this year¡¯s version.?But 바카라사이트 NSF?mostly attributed that shift to improvements in measurement metrics that allow for more direct comparisons between countries.

And 바카라사이트 US business sector was 바카라사이트 nation¡¯s main driver of improvement in total research and development spending, accounting for about 83 per cent of 바카라사이트 growth from 2010 to 2019, 바카라사이트 NSF report said. The overall share of research funded by 바카라사이트 government ¨C often performed at universities ¨C has declined in 바카라사이트 US over 바카라사이트 past nine years, it said.

The US Congress is still working out details for science funding in 바카라사이트 2022 fiscal year that began last October, with spending frozen at 2021 levels in 바카라사이트 meantime. Preliminary versions of 바카라사이트 federal budget show plans for significant increases in most research accounts, in addition to a separate bill with broad political support that would spend $26 billion (?19 billion) over five years to establish a?new NSF division?focused on commercialising 바카라사이트 development of scientific discoveries.

paul.basken@ws-2000.com