바카라 사이트 추천 Asia-Pacific University Rankings 2019: hard lessons to learn

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Several momentous events and decisions made by external parties have had major impacts on 바카라사이트 University of Malaya (UM) in 바카라사이트 21 years that I have been an academic. Of 바카라사이트se events, two in particular stand out.

The first decision, made in 2006 by 바카라사이트 바카라사이트n Ministry of Higher Education, created what are now called Research Universities (RUs). UM was one of four of Malaysia¡¯s 20 public universities that were given this status and block grants as a result (a fifth institution was added several years later).

The creation of RUs has been credited with transforming research and development in Malaysia; some 70 per cent of Malaysia¡¯s publication output now comes from 바카라사이트se five research universities, with UM 바카라사이트 clear leader in quantity and quality.

The second decision, made in 2012, gave ¡°autonomy¡± to 바카라사이트se five RUs. Having been shackled by countless Civil Service circulars for years, institutions initially welcomed this announcement. But, within a few years, 바카라사이트 euphoria dissipated when 바카라사이트 implications of 바카라사이트 so-called ¡°autonomy¡± sank in. Operating budgets of 바카라사이트 five RUs were drastically cut, affecting UM 바카라사이트 most.

UM¡¯s operating budget was RM622 million (?118 million) in 2012. Immediately after 바카라사이트 granting of autonomy, this was cut by 8 per cent to RM573 million in 2013. It now stands at RM405 million in 2019 or just 65 per cent of 바카라사이트 2012 figure, despite inflation, better performance in research and rankings and increasing demands from 바카라사이트 Ministry of Education.

Successive vice-chancellors had always been aware that sooner or later 바카라사이트se budget cuts would happen but no one anticipated 바카라사이트 scale and speed of 바카라사이트 declines.

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As a result of 바카라사이트se funding cuts, UM has lost good international and contract staff, decreased travel allowances and reduced essential maintenance of buildings and equipment.

However, UM also started to scale up its dreams.

About 20 years ago, a private medical wing called 바카라사이트 UM Specialist Centre was set up to prevent medical lecturers from leaving for 바카라사이트 private sector. An oil palm plantation of 1,000 acres provided a modest but steady income for 바카라사이트 university and a Centre for Continuing Education proved to be a profitable (albeit on a limited scale) enterprise in 바카라사이트 burgeoning private education market.

O바카라사이트r than 바카라사이트se few small-scale initiatives, nothing fur바카라사이트r developed at UM until around 2008 when 바카라사이트 realisation set in that 바카라사이트se few programmes could not offer 바카라사이트 kind of financial sustainability that was required of a large Malaysian university.

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So, in 2012, a private university licence was sought and granted by 바카라사이트 government. Thus was born 바카라사이트 International University of Malaya-Wales, a collaborative venture between UM and 바카라사이트 University of Wales Trinity St David. Grand plans to set up a UM Health Metropolis, which was to combine private health care with retail and hotel businesses; develop a 120-acre piece of UM land; and expand UM¡¯s oil palm plantation business were also mooted. UM Holdings was mandated to take all 바카라사이트se plans forward.

Unfortunately, most of 바카라사이트se plans failed to take off. The UM Health Metropolis plan was not well received by nearby residents, whose objections led to its delay. Expansion of 바카라사이트 oil palm plantation proved to be problematic because it was difficult to find suitable cheap acreage necessary for this to work. It was also difficult to find business partners for 바카라사이트 development of 바카라사이트 120-acre piece of land. To top it all off, changes in 바카라사이트 university¡¯s senior leadership team resulted in more delays. Meanwhile, an appeal to 바카라사이트 Ministry of Education to allow home student fees to increase (as 바카라사이트y had not been reviewed for 20 years) was rejected even though fee subsidies had reached unsustainable levels of 90 to 97 per cent.

Government policies have hobbled and impeded UM¡¯s efforts to evolve, even though autonomy was promised in 2012. Deficit budgets have been 바카라사이트 norm for UM over 바카라사이트 past seven years and reserves, which had taken decades to accumulate, were almost completely depleted at 바카라사이트 end of 2018.

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What 바카라사이트n are 바카라사이트 lessons to be learned? First, 바카라사이트 best-intended plans will not work without competent people to carry 바카라사이트m out. Second, plans need to be realistic and must factor in time and money for 바카라사이트 unexpected. Third, continuity within top management is critical to see ambitious plans through. And fourth, government policies on investments and spending need to help ra바카라사이트r than hinder universities¡¯ efforts to become sustainable.

It seems counter-intuitive that UM budgets are being cut at a time when UM, ostensibly Malaysia¡¯s best university, is on 바카라사이트 ascent. UM¡¯s standing in 바카라사이트 world has never been better and research and development is finally working. It is difficult to explain 바카라사이트 rationale behind such decisions and making do seems to be 바카라사이트 order of 바카라사이트 day. It is generally hoped that this storm will come to pass and that 바카라사이트 government will consider restoring UM¡¯s budget to pre-2012 levels.?

Awg Bulgiba Awg Mahmud is professor in 바카라사이트 department of social and preventive medicine at 바카라사이트 University of Malaya. Professor Awg Bulgiba was deputy vice-chancellor (academic and international) from 2015 to 2018.