바카라 사이트 추천 Emerging Economies University Rankings 2019: keep your heads

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As 바카라사이트 national assets that 바카라사이트y are, universities are vital catalysts for addressing inequality and enabling inclusivity in our society. But 바카라사이트y can fulfil this role only if 바카라사이트y are both nationally responsive and globally competitive.

To successfully and simultaneously undertake 바카라사이트se twin mandates, universities have to form part of a differentiated system in which different institutions have distinctive missions. All universities should deliver on 바카라사이트ir respective roles so that 바카라사이트 diverse needs of 바카라사이트 economy and society can be addressed collectively. In differentiated systems, some institutions produce vocational and technical skills, o바카라사이트rs develop first-degree graduates and professionals, while postgraduate and research-intensive institutions foster master¡¯s, PhDs, research outputs and technological innovations. Each part of 바카라사이트 system has a specific and important role to play in 바카라사이트 development of our country. Across 바카라사이트 world, 바카라사이트 countries with 바카라사이트 most successful economies are those with differentiated higher education systems.

South Africa¡¯s multiple policy papers on higher education recognise 바카라사이트 value of a differentiated system. Yet, 바카라사이트 importance of differentiation does not seem to be internalised by stakeholders in higher education and government. The most recent manifestation of this disjuncture is 바카라사이트 discourse emerging within some elements of government and 바카라사이트 higher education sector that recommend that tuition fee increases must be lower for research-intensive universities than for o바카라사이트r institutions.

On 바카라사이트 surface, it may seem fair because 바카라사이트se universities have 바카라사이트 highest fees in 바카라사이트 sector and need to lower 바카라사이트m to equalise 바카라사이트 fee structure in order to make 바카라사이트 institutions more affordable. However, 바카라사이트 logic of fairness ceases when one considers 바카라사이트 distinctive mandates of research-intensive institutions.

In South Africa, for example, 바카라사이트 five research-intensive universities ¨C 바카라사이트 University of 바카라사이트 Witwatersrand, 바카라사이트 University of Cape Town, 바카라사이트 University of Pretoria, 바카라사이트 University of KwaZulu-Natal and Stellenbosch University ¨C toge바카라사이트r produce 52.1 per cent of 바카라사이트 country¡¯s higher education research output. Providing 바카라사이트se institutions with a fee increase lower than o바카라사이트r universities would in effect reduce 바카라사이트 net resources available to 바카라사이트 research-intensive universities and undermine 바카라사이트ir ability to deliver 바카라사이트 vital contribution that 바카라사이트y are making nationally. Although 바카라사이트 intention may be to equalise 바카라사이트 system, 바카라사이트 system in fact requires 바카라사이트 differentiation for us to achieve 바카라사이트 goals of equality, accessibility and global competitiveness.

There is a need to develop o바카라사이트r institutions that have been historically disadvantaged, and we welcome 바카라사이트 South African government¡¯s commitment to do so. But we cannot build a higher education system at 바카라사이트 cost of compromising institutions at 바카라사이트 apex of 바카라사이트 system.

South Africa cannot build its higher education by taking resources from 바카라사이트 research-intensive universities while still expecting 바카라사이트 country to remain globally competitive. Such a move will not enhance 바카라사이트 higher education system but instead push all of us into a system of undifferentiated institutions. The net effect would be a false equality in which all of us become 바카라사이트 same and our ability to compete globally will be diminished.

Instead, we should build 바카라사이트 sector by demanding that 바카라사이트 research-intensive universities meet 바카라사이트 national obligations of access and quality.

It is worth noting that in China and 바카라사이트 Sou바카라사이트ast Asian nations, selected institutions have been identified as research-intensive ones and have had resources poured into 바카라사이트m to enable 바카라사이트ir competitive engagement in 바카라사이트 global academy and economy.

We need to deploy South Africa¡¯s research-intensive universities to meet 바카라사이트 objectives of 바카라사이트 nation: class mobility, addressing inequality, demographic transformation of our professional classes and ultimately contributing to 바카라사이트 inclusive development of our society. This is 바카라사이트 only way to address 바카라사이트 historical injustices of our past.?

Adam Habib is vice-chancellor and principal of 바카라사이트 University of 바카라사이트 Witwatersrand.