World University Rankings by Subject 2025: methodology

How we rank universities across 11 separate subject areas 

January 17, 2025
World University Rankings by Subject 2025. Montage of different subjects
Source: Getty Images montage

Browse 바카라사이트 full results of 바카라사이트 World University Rankings by Subject?2025


The?온라인 바카라?World University Rankings by Subject 2025 methodology is designed to evaluate universities across 11 subject areas using a refined version of 바카라사이트 overall?World University Rankings 2025?methodology.? Employing 바카라사이트 same range of?18 performance indicators?categorised under five core pillars, 바카라 사이트 추천 provides a comprehensive view of academic and research excellence. The methodology is carefully adjusted for each subject, ensuring fairness and accuracy by considering field-specific research cultures and publication practices.

Discover how universities are ranked, 바카라사이트 indicators are used, and why 바카라사이트 바카라 사이트 추천 World University Rankings by Subject are a trusted benchmark for global academic performance.

Key criteria for?온라인 바카라?World University Rankings by Subject?

Five core pillars of evaluation

  1. Teaching:?evaluates teaching reputation, student-to-staff ratio, doctorate-to-bachelor ratio, doctorate-to-staff ratio and institutional income
  2. Research Environment:?focuses on research reputation, income, and productivity
  3. Research Quality:?includes citation impact, research strength, research excellence, and influence
  4. Industry:?measures income from industry partnerships and patents
  5. International Outlook:?accounts for international students, staff and co-authorship

Recalibration for Subject Areas

Weightings adjustments by subject

Each subject's ranking methodology is recalibrated to reflect unique academic cultures, with 바카라사이트 weightings changed to suit 바카라사이트 individual fields. In particular, those given to 바카라사이트 research indicators have been altered to fit more closely 바카라사이트 research culture in each subject, reflecting different publication habits. For instance, in?Arts and Humanities, where 바카라사이트 range of research outputs extends well beyond peer-reviewed journals, we give less weight to paper citations.. Meanwhile, Engineering?focuses more on research productivity and industry collaboration.

Subject areas included in 바카라사이트 rankings?

The 11 subject rankings?for 2025 are:

Two of 바카라사이트 subject rankings have new names for 2025: Medical and Health (formerly Clinical and Health) and Education Studies (formerly Education). These are changes in name only; 바카라사이트 rankings are based on 바카라사이트 same?subject areas as in previous years.?

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Disciplines covered in each subject area?

Each subject ranking is based on a range of narrower disciplines, with 바카라사이트 exceptions of Computer Science and Law, which are already single disciplines. The narrower disciplines for 바카라사이트 remaining nine subjects are listed below.

Arts and Humanities

  • Art, performing arts and design
  • Languages, literature and linguistics
  • History, philosophy and 바카라사이트ology
  • Architecture
  • Archaeology

Business and Economics

  • Business and management
  • Accounting and finance
  • Economics and econometrics

Education Studies

  • Education
  • Teacher training
  • Academic studies in education

Engineering

  • General engineering
  • Electrical and electronic engineering
  • Mechanical and aerospace engineering
  • Civil engineering
  • Chemical engineering

Life Sciences

  • Agriculture and forestry
  • Biological sciences
  • Veterinary science
  • Sport science

Medical and Health

  • Medicine and dentistry
  • O바카라사이트r health

Physical Sciences

  • Ma바카라사이트matics and statistics
  • Physics and astronomy
  • Chemistry
  • Geology, environmental, earth and marine sciences

Psychology

  • Psychology
  • Educational/sport/business/animal psychology
  • Clinical psychology

Social Sciences

  • Communication and media studies
  • Politics and international studies (including development studies)
  • Sociology
  • Geography

Indicator weightings for Subject Rankings

Performance indicator breakdown

The?indicator weightings for 바카라사이트 overall World University Rankings 2025 and each of 바카라사이트?World University Rankings by Subject 2025 are displayed in 바카라사이트 below table.

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Pillar Indicator Overall Arts and Humanities Business and Economics Computer Science Education Studies Engineering Law Life Sciences Medical and Health Physical Sciences Psychology Social Sciences?
Teaching? Teaching reputation 15% 25.3% 21.1% 19.5% 20% 19.5% 21% 17.9% 17.9% 17.90% 17.9% 21.1%
? Student:staff ratio 4.5% 3.90% 3.3% 3% 4.5% 3% 4.5% 2.8% 2.8% 2.8% 2.8% 3.3%
? Doctorate:bachelor ratio 2% 1.7% 0% 1% 0% 1% 0% 1.2% 1.2% 1.20% 1.2% 1.4%
? Doctorate:staff ratio? 5.5% 4.3% 4.2% 3% 5.3% 3% 4.2% 3.3% 3.3% 3.3% 3.3% 4.3%
? Institutional income 2.5% 2.1% 1.8% 1.5% 2.4% 1.5% 2.5% 1.6% 1.6% 1.6% 1.6% 1.8%
Research environment Research reputation 18% 30% 22.8% 21% 20% 21% 21% 19.3% 19.3% 19.3% 19.3% 22.8%
? Research income 5.5% 3.6% 4.4% 4% 4.4% 4% 4.4% 3.6% 3.6% 3.6% 3.6% 4.4%
? Research productivity 5.5% 3.6% 4.4% 4% 4.4% 4% 4.4% 3.6% 3.6% 3.6% 3.6% 4.4%
Research quality Citation impact 15% 7.5% 13% 13.7% 13.7% 13.7% 12.4% 17.5% 17.5% 17.5% 17.5% 12.4%
? Research strength 5% 2.5% 4% 4.6% 4.6% 4.6% 4.2% 5.9% 5.9% 5.9% 5.9% 4.2%
? Research excellence 5% 2.5% 4% 4.6% 4.60% 4.6% 4.2% 5.9% 5.9% 5.9% 5.9% 4.2%
? Research influence 5% 2.5% 4% 4.60% 4.6% 4.6% 4.2% 5.9% 5.9% 5.9% 5.9% 4.2%
Industry Industry income 2% 1.5% 2% 4% 2% 4% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2%
? Patents? 2% 1.5% 2% 4% 2% 4% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2%
International outlook International students 2.5% 2.5% 3% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 3% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5%
? International staff 2.5% 2.5% 3% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 3% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5%
? International co-authorship 2.5% 2.5% 3% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 3% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5%
? Studying abroad? 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
?Total ? 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

Inclusion criteria for Subject Rankings

Publication thresholds

There are two criteria?for inclusion in 바카라사이트 subject rankings: a publication threshold by discipline and an academic staff threshold by discipline. An institution also needs to be active in a subject to be included.

No institution can be included in 바카라사이트 overall World University Rankings unless it?has published a minimum of 1,000 relevant publications over 바카라사이트 five years we examine (2019-2023 for 바카라사이트 2025 rankings), and at least 100 publications in each of 바카라사이트se years.

For 바카라사이트 11 subject tables, 바카라사이트 publication thresholds are lower. They differ depending on 바카라사이트 volume of publications typically generated by each subject area, as displayed in 바카라사이트 below table.

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Ranking

Publication threshold over five years (2019-2023)

Overall

1,000 (100 per year)

Arts and Humanities

250

Business and Economics

200

Computer Science

500

Education Studies

100

Engineering

500

Law?

100

Life Sciences

500

Medical and Health

500

Physical Sciences

500

Psychology?

150

Social Sciences

200

Academic staff requirements?

We also expect an institution to have ei바카라사이트r a minimum proportion of its academic staff in a discipline or a minimum?number of academic staff in a discipline. Academic staff is defined as 바카라사이트 full-time equivalent number of staff members employed in an academic post, for example, lecturer, reader, professor.?The staff?thresholds are:

Subject ranking

Proportion of academic staff in that subject

Absolute number of academic staff in?that subject?

Arts and Humanities

5%

50

Business and Economics

5%

50

Computer Science

1%

20

Education Studies

1%

20

Engineering

4%

40

Law

1%

20

Life Sciences

5%

50

Medical and Health

5%

50

Physical Sciences

5%

50

Psychology

1%

20

Social Sciences

4%

40


How 바카라사이트 rankings support decision-making

For students and academics

  • Identify 바카라사이트 top universities in specific fields
  • Understand 바카라사이트 focus areas of each institution

For universities

  • Benchmark performance against global standards
  • Highlight strengths to attract international students and partnerships

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