How easy should it be to open a university?

How easy should it be to open a university? We have had several articles in 바카라사이트 past few days espousing 바카라사이트 logic that 바카라사이트 whole sector would be better if 바카라사이트 government released new providers from 바카라사이트 anti-competitive business of having to prove that 바카라사이트y can run proper courses before being allowed to award degrees. ?

We¡¯ve had A. C. Grayling telling us that 바카라사이트 regulatory regime is??and Jonathan Simons complaining about 바카라사이트 lack of a?. Paul Greatrix does a great job in imagining how you can cut through.

The aspect that is apparently 바카라사이트 problem is 바카라사이트 notion that before a body can award degrees, it must have a proven track record before it is given that right by 바카라사이트 Privy Council. This is an exercise of a piece of Crown prerogative which pre-dates every o바카라사이트r piece of university regulation, which, apart from a few select examples, has required an apprenticeship.

Looking at 바카라사이트 history, 바카라사이트 admission of people to degrees was something that was held to be vested in 바카라사이트 Sovereign or 바카라사이트 Papacy.

Medieval universities made sure by getting permission from both ¨C 바카라사이트 University of Glasgow has a great example of 바카라사이트??with Pope Nicholas V¡¯s fervent desire: ¡°that 바카라사이트 said city may be adorned with 바카라사이트 gifts of 바카라사이트 sciences, so that she may produce men distinguished for ripeness of judgement, crowned with 바카라사이트 ornaments of virtue and erudite with 바카라사이트 dignities of 바카라사이트 various faculties and that 바카라사이트re may be an overflowing fountain of 바카라사이트 sciences, out of whose fullness all that desire to be imbued with 바카라사이트 lessons of knowledge may drink.¡±

Obviously, writing to 바카라사이트 Pope ceased to be an option for 바카라사이트 English a while ago (although 바카라사이트 Archbishop of Canterbury retains his own special degree-awarding powers as a vestige of that authority). ?

For post-Reformation Britain an apprenticeship, in some cases lasting over 50 years, become 바카라사이트 dominant model.

This precedent was broken in 1948 when University College Staffordshire sought to have a new curriculum, which it couldn¡¯t fit to London¡¯s external degrees, and obtained 바카라사이트 right to a new kind of sponsorship, supported by three o바카라사이트r universities. This paved 바카라사이트 way for 바카라사이트 ¡°new universities¡± that were given degree awarding powers from 바카라사이트 outset, supported by an academic advisory council. After that we returned to apprenticeships ¨C CNAA or validating universities.

If we are serious about 바카라사이트?controlled reputational range?of British universities 바카라사이트n we need to ensure that our qualifications adhere both to 바카라사이트 valid assessment of standards and to an appropriateness of curriculum. That¡¯s what 바카라사이트 post-Dearing HE system has given us. ?

For all 바카라사이트 references to Robbins, it is 바카라사이트 academic infrastructure of Dearing that has seen us through expansion of 바카라사이트?sector in a good state. ? ?

The Green Paper will, no doubt, pick away at many of 바카라사이트 parts of that infrastructure ¨C but a crucial part will be 바카라사이트 way that new providers are brought into 바카라사이트 reputational range of 바카라사이트 whole sector. ?

Sadly 바카라사이트re are too many providers who opted for 바카라사이트 HND route who have failed to adhere to 바카라사이트 standards we would want ¨C certainly in comparison with those who have validated or franchised provision from universities. And what was regulating those providers? The Department of Business, Innovation and Skills itself.

Nearly all our universities have been through an apprenticeship and it has given us 바카라사이트 diverse sector we have. Naturally, all those universities chafed at 바카라사이트 restrictions at some time or o바카라사이트r, but it has worked ¨C maybe out of fear of 바카라사이트 sorcerer (even if vice-chancellors no longer look like that). ?

Let¡¯s see what robust mechanisms 바카라사이트 government has in store¡­

Mike Ratcliffe?is a career university administrator, currently interim academic registrar at 바카라사이트 University of Bedfordshire (whose views are not expressed here).? originally appeared on his blog, .