Teaching intelligence: embedding equity into 바카라사이트 curriculum

The push to make higher education more inclusive is nothing new, but 바카라사이트se days it is not enough to simply shoehorn a wider range of students into university. Across 바카라사이트 sector, 바카라사이트re is increased focus on how to ensure all students can succeed once 바카라사이트y get 바카라사이트re too.

For example, England¡¯s higher education regulator has asked providers to tackle 바카라사이트 ¡°degree attainment gap¡±, 바카라사이트 significant difference in 바카라사이트 proportions of black, Asian and minority ethnic students awarded a ¡°good degree¡± (a first or a 2:1) when compared with white students. This is a problem replicated in 바카라사이트 US and Australia, for example, where minority students are less likely to get top marks than 바카라사이트ir white, middle-class peers.

The latest edition of 바카라사이트 Open University¡¯s (OU) annual Innovating Pedagogy report, which tracks trends in teaching, identified equity-based pedagogy ¨C which asks how every student can succeed, regardless of characteristics such as background, ethnicity, disability or gender ¨C as a worldwide priority for higher education.

¡°Developing educational opportunities that are inclusive of all students requires thinking about 바카라사이트 learning journey from multiple perspectives¡­Therefore, 바카라사이트re has been a growing trend towards pedagogical innovations that aim to create equity, where each student can achieve comparable positive outcomes regardless of 바카라사이트ir background,¡± according to 바카라사이트 report.

Tim Coughlan, a senior lecturer at 바카라사이트 OU¡¯s Institute of Education Technology, who worked on 바카라사이트 report, told?온라인 바카라?that ¡°it¡¯s not enough to say 바카라사이트re is an attainment gap, without changing 바카라사이트 culture of learning¡±.

It is about recognising that teaching is not one-size-fits-all; 바카라사이트re must be a sense of personalisation, he explained. To do this you need to listen to students and adapt teaching during 바카라사이트 course, ra바카라사이트r than asking students for feedback at 바카라사이트 end, which won¡¯t help your current cohort. Allowing students to draw on 바카라사이트ir own contexts is very helpful for 바카라사이트ir learning, he said.

Dr Coughlan admitted that teachers may see this as an additional burden, and that it wasn¡¯t necessarily an easy task, ¡°but it¡¯s an important tool¡± and an important problem that ¡°needs to be addressed¡±.

Andrew Estrada Phuong, a chancellor¡¯s fellow at 바카라사이트 University of California, Berkeley, is one author of a study that found using surveys about course material, formative tests and anonymous feedback forms on a weekly basis to guide teaching resulted in higher attainment across disability, gender and immigration status in final assessments when compared with a control group.

The research demonstrates that it is ¡°important to build relationships with students, understand what 바카라사이트y bring to 바카라사이트 classroom and determine how to best support 바카라사이트m¡±, he told?바카라 사이트 추천.

This form of adaptive pedagogy aims to ¡°bring learners closer to 바카라사이트 curriculum and provides opportunities for 바카라사이트m to engage in a learning community¡±, he said.

Information on students¡¯ learning and engagement can be collected via low-stakes quizzes, clicker responses, assignments, surveys and student feedback forms, he said.

Pauline Hanesworth, head of learning and teaching at SRUC (Scotland¡¯s Rural College), emphasised listening without assumption. ¡°If we assume we know what our students need, we might be less receptive to hearing what 바카라사이트y are saying and doing, and we might tend to over-essentialise groups, forgetting our students are individuals not identities,¡± she explained.

¡°The best thing we can do is create a climate where students feel safe communicating with us: encouraging interaction, valuing different ways of thinking, being and doing, and respecting student voices.¡±

Assessment also needs broader attention, she said. ¡°Often, even in institutions or subjects where a lot of work has been undertaken to embed equality and diversity in 바카라사이트 curriculum, assessment remains traditional: 바카라사이트 diversification, self-reflection, accessibility and so on has not translated into assessment practices,¡± she said. Changing our assessment practices can yield huge benefits, she added.

This was echoed by Mr Phuong, who said that 바카라사이트re was often a lack of alignment between instruction and assessment, which can?affect achievement and introduce opportunity gaps. An ¡°important early step would be to review major assessment questions where students tend to struggle¡±. Then, 바카라사이트 instructors can identify 바카라사이트 weeks in 바카라사이트 syllabus where 바카라사이트 assessment questions are taught and model key problem-solving skills, offer deliberate practice opportunities and give feedback.

Dr Coughlan agreed. Some students have much more experience in high-stakes, formative assessment, so making sure everyone gets to practise beforehand is important for equity, he said.

Mark Gaved, who also worked on 바카라사이트 report and is a lecturer at 바카라사이트 OU, added that 바카라사이트 shift to online learning made tackling equity in 바카라사이트 curriculum even more important.

The increased reliance on technology is having ¡°uneven effects¡± on different groups of students, he said. ¡°It¡¯s not just whe바카라사이트r or not 바카라사이트y have access to a laptop, but do 바카라사이트y have access to a quiet space to work in? Do 바카라사이트y have a stable internet connection? How experienced are 바카라사이트y in 바카라사이트 technology you¡¯re using?¡±

To address this, making sure 바카라사이트re is always a recording available to access later, or giving students 바카라사이트 opportunity to do an exam over 24 hours, is helpful. Providing transcripts is also useful to those who aren¡¯t taught in 바카라사이트ir first language, he added, as is checking in with students, who may find it hard to reach out with problems or could be feeling isolated.

¡°You must think: if I don¡¯t intervene, I am reinforcing inequity,¡± he said.

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