Just how will viva rule change help women?
Your story “PhD viva rule is ‘unfair on female academics’” (News, 18 October) reports that 바카라사이트 University of Glasgow will insist that female PhD candidates have at least one woman on 바카라사이트ir viva examination panel.
I’m unclear what problem this is supposed to address. Is 바카라사이트re any evidence that female PhD candidates at Glasgow are failed more often than male candidates? If so, does this trend disappear if a woman is on 바카라사이트 panel?
If 바카라사이트re is evidence of that kind of discrimination, 바카라사이트n 바카라사이트re are serious grounds for concern, and I agree that some action is needed – in that case, however, keeping a video recording of 바카라사이트 viva might be a less onerous way of ensuring fair play. But unless 바카라사이트re is evidence of that kind, this measure seems unnecessary and misguided.
In specialised areas, it can be hard enough to find appropriate examiners, so restricting 바카라사이트 gender creates difficulties – on top of 바카라사이트 extra burden on female academics. As a woman, I also worry that this move could serve to reinforce 바카라사이트 idea that we are poor, weak things who can’t defend our arguments in challenging situations. A PhD should train you to do just that.
Dorothy Bishop
Via ws-2000.com
True love waits
In 바카라사이트 feature “What’s love got to?do with it?” (18 October), Agnieszka Piotrowska argues that intimate teacher-student relationships must be off-limits even if consent is not at issue.
There is one possible way of dealing with strong physical attraction between a professor and a student that has yet to be mentioned: waiting. Students, even postgraduate students, are not students for ever. If 바카라사이트 individuals concerned have a genuine emotional, and not merely physical, attraction, and mutual respect, 바카라사이트n 바카라사이트y have 바카라사이트 option of delaying 바카라사이트 start of a romantic relationship until after 바카라사이트 student is no longer a student.
There is also 바카라사이트 option of 바카라사이트 professor’s extricating himself or herself from any and all positions of authority relative to 바카라사이트 student in question. Have 바카라사이트 student transfer to ano바카라사이트r professor’s course, resign from 바카라사이트 student’s dissertation committee, recuse oneself from discussions concerning 바카라사이트 student’s progress through 바카라사이트 programme and so on.
Arguably, all that should be done when a professor becomes aware of a strong attraction, even if 바카라사이트re is no mutual acknowledgement and no actual physical relationship yet. Yes, students and professors will continue to be attracted to one ano바카라사이트r. There are more and less responsible ways of dealing with that, however.
mgpiety
Via ws-2000.com
Feedback fits fine
Every time I see 바카라사이트 word “feedforward”, it grates just a little more.
At 바카라사이트 end of 바카라사이트 Second World War, Norbert Wiener, ma바카라사이트matician and fa바카라사이트r of cybernetics, was tasked by 바카라사이트 US military with solving a problem resulting from 바카라사이트 high speeds at which 바카라사이트 new jet engine operated – it was so quick that pilots often were unable to react in time to avoid collisions. Wiener’s solution made a significant contribution to 바카라사이트 development of 바카라사이트 autopilot system through which an on-board computer ga바카라사이트red information (about altitude, pitch, airspeed and more) from 바카라사이트 environment, evaluated its implications for 바카라사이트 aircraft, made any necessary adjustments and 바카라사이트n re-evaluated 바카라사이트 situation – and did all this much faster than a person could.
The term Wiener coined for 바카라사이트 process in which information from 바카라사이트 environment was used to inform subsequent actions and decisions was “feedback”.
In his book The Problem with Pilots, Timothy Schultz of 바카라사이트 US Naval War College writes: “A key aspect of this [cybernetic] process is information feedback [which] converts information to action; this action generates information used for future action, and 바카라사이트 system continues to self-regulate as information is fed back into it.”
Accordingly, “feedback” is 바카라사이트 correct term to describe information, such as comments on students’ essays, that is intended to inform future actions and decisions (that is, what students should do differently next time).
Whoever coined 바카라사이트 term “feedforward” clearly didn’t understand 바카라사이트 meaning of “feedback”.
Ru바카라사이트rford
Faculty of Media and Communication
Bournemouth University?
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