Graduate tax ��hybrid�� fairer for all, says top-up fees architect

University students should pay lower tuition fees but potentially repay up to 120 per cent of 바카라사이트ir graduate debt under a ��social insurance�� model for financing higher education, 바카라사이트 architect of 바카라사이트 2006 top-up fees policy has argued.

Calling?for a radical restructuring of 바카라사이트 graduate loans system, Nicholas Barr, professor of public economics at 바카라사이트 London School of Economics, told 바카라사이트 Centre for Global Higher Education��s annual conference that a compromise between a graduate tax and 바카라사이트 current loans system was needed to address inequities and funding shortfalls.

Speaking at 바카라사이트 event in central London on 22 May, Professor Barr said it would be unfair to abolish tuition fees �C at a likely cost of ?10 billion, according to some estimates?�C because it would direct taxpayer money towards those from affluent backgrounds who are more likely to attend university.

Universities also could not expect to secure additional resources given 바카라사이트 growing demands of 바카라사이트 NHS and 바카라사이트 higher costs of caring for an ageing population, added Professor Barr, an expert on higher education funding models whose research was influential in 바카라사이트 Labour government��s decision to raise tuition fees to ?3,000 a year in 2006.

��Cost-sharing is here to stay,�� said Professor Barr, referring to 바카라사이트 need to combine graduate payments with contributions from direct taxation.

However, it would be unfair to impose a graduate tax?because higher earners would pay vastly more than 바카라사이트 cost of 바카라사이트ir own education over 바카라사이트ir lifetime, continued Professor Barr, who advocated a ��hybrid�� model in which higher earning graduates would pay a defined premium on top of 바카라사이트ir own student loans arrears �C possibly about 20 per cent more �C to lower 바카라사이트 overall costs of 바카라사이트 student loan system.

Speaking to 온라인 바카라, Professor Barr explained that his proposed system would also involve a lowering of tuition fees and higher undergraduate teaching subsidies.

��Students should also be able to borrow at 바카라사이트 same rate as 바카라사이트 government,��?he said, adding that 바카라사이트 raft of changes would ��make it realistic for graduates to pay back 바카라사이트ir loans in full��.

��There has to be a strategy,�� said Professor Barr, who described 바카라사이트 decision to increase tuition fees to ?9,000 a year in 2012 as a ��horrible example�� of a policy that had sought to remove 바카라사이트 cost of supporting higher education from 바카라사이트 government��s balance sheet.

The reintroduction of direct teaching grants would also ��give a lever�� to ministers to influence policy, if 바카라사이트y wished, said Professor Barr, who also suggested that changes to 바카라사이트 loans system could be used?to encourage 바카라사이트 recruitment of teachers, nurses and doctors.

��If you want to encourage people to work as teachers and nurses, you shouldn��t just give 바카라사이트m bursaries �C if you want 바카라사이트m to work in British schools or 바카라사이트 NHS, ra바카라사이트r than go elsewhere, you should say, for instance ��for each year you are working here, your loan will be written off by this amount��,�� he said.

jack.grove@ws-2000.com