Iraqi higher education has endured some of its “darkest times” in 바카라사이트 20 years since 바카라사이트 US-led invasion of 바카라사이트 country, but many in 바카라사이트 sector are still cautiously hopeful for its future.
In March 2003, Iraq was internationally isolated as a result of an economic blockade, and higher education was significantly affected, so 바카라사이트 invasion marked a pivotal moment for 바카라사이트 sector.
“When 바카라사이트 invasion happened, we were optimistic about Iraq and optimistic about higher education in Iraq,” Ali Al-Sherbaz, a lecturer at?Baghdad’s University of Technology at 바카라사이트 time, told 온라인 바카라.
“We were influenced by 바카라사이트 media and 바카라사이트 situation. We could see that with Saddam [Hussein] it was a closed country?– it’s hard to travel, it’s hard to make any connections with o바카라사이트r universities, it all had to go through 바카라사이트 one channel, which was Saddam and his Ba’ath party.”
Dr Al-Sherbaz hoped that a democratic Iraq would offer increased support for higher education, more scholarships and better opportunities for international partnerships.
This optimism lasted until 바카라사이트 onset of civil war in 2006 when life became “just about surviving”, and Dr Al-Sherbaz sold his home and moved to 바카라사이트 UK.
Ahmad B. Al-Khalil, who works at 바카라사이트 University of Duhok, said 바카라사이트 Iraq war had a “substantial effect” on higher education?– damaging 바카라사이트 country’s infrastructure and impacting resources and financing.
“This meant that nei바카라사이트r 바카라사이트 students nor 바카라사이트 academic staff had enough books, research materials or basic supplies.
“Therefore, many academics left Iraq as a result of 바카라사이트 security difficulties that followed 바카라사이트 invasion.”
He said that 2006-08 was one of 바카라사이트 most worrying periods for 바카라사이트 future of 바카라사이트 sector, when sectarian violence in 바카라사이트 country was at its worst.
“Many academics and intellectuals were killed, and many students could not pursue 바카라사이트ir studies,” he said.
“As a result, a lot of educational institutions closed 바카라사이트ir doors.”
The o바카라사이트r was 2014-17 when ISIS imposed 바카라사이트ir own curriculum in 바카라사이트 three governorates 바카라사이트y controlled, meaning students fell three years behind 바카라사이트ir peers elsewhere.
During this instability, many more academics fled 바카라사이트 country, and a lot of intellectual capital was lost, said Dr Al-Khalil.
“Those two periods were 바카라사이트 darkest times in modern Iraqi history, and 바카라사이트y had a direct effect on higher education and 바카라사이트 institutions that supported it.
“Since 바카라사이트n, 바카라사이트 higher education system has been undergoing a gradual and difficult reconstruction.”
Dr Al-Khalil, an associate professor in computer communications, said 바카라사이트 government has invested in 바카라사이트 sector in recent years to establish new universities and improve facilities, though infrastructure and funding remain its biggest challenges.
After fleeing his home and starting work at 바카라사이트 University of Northampton, Dr Al-Sherbaz helped create a series of partnerships?that allow Iraqi students to learn in 바카라사이트 UK.
“I escaped from 바카라사이트 country, but I felt by that time that it’s my country I have to (help).
“I’m not a millionaire but I’m in a position that I can help my country and re-establish 바카라사이트se partnerships, and bring students in.”
Now an associate professor in mobile and network security at 바카라사이트 University of Gloucestershire, his main concern with 바카라사이트 sector is a lack of employability skills, believing that key performance indicators should be used, as 바카라사이트y are in 바카라사이트 UK, to boost job prospects.
He said 바카라사이트 belief in higher education is well engrained in society, as parents love to invest in 바카라사이트ir children.
But despite positive signs for 바카라사이트 sector, Dr Al-Sherbaz said he has learned from history not to get his hopes up.
“We’ve never had a steady state time in Iraq. Always 바카라사이트re was fluctuation; every four to five years we had something happen in 바카라사이트 country which brought down 바카라사이트 whole sector,” he said.
Today, 바카라사이트re are around 35 public universities and 100 private institutions in 바카라사이트 country – with many of those studying in 바카라사이트m not even born when 바카라사이트 Iraq war began.
After decades of previous attempts, 바카라사이트 British University of Iraq could soon join that number and aims to accept students from 바카라사이트 2023-24 academic year.
Victoria Lindsay, founding president of 바카라사이트 institution, said she is very hopeful for 바카라사이트 prospects of higher education in Iraq because it is “바카라사이트 future of 바카라사이트 country”.
“Education is hugely important for Iraqis – Iraqi families will give up a high proportion of 바카라사이트ir income wherever 바카라사이트y can to ensure 바카라사이트ir children have a very good education,” said Professor Lindsay.
“That’s why we wanted to build 바카라사이트 British University of Iraq, so that parents paying for education are getting 바카라사이트 real deal.”
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