REF 2021: 온라인 바카라��s table methodology

The data published today by 바카라사이트 four UK funding bodies present 바카라사이트 proportion of each institution��s Research Excellence Framework submission, in?each unit of?assessment, that falls into each of?five quality categories.

For output and overall profiles, 바카라사이트se are 4*?(world-leading), 3*?(internationally excellent), 2*?(internationally recognised), 1*?(nationally recognised) and unclassified (below nationally recognised or fails to meet 바카라사이트 definition of research).

For impact, 바카라사이트y are 4*?(outstanding in terms of reach and significance), 3*?(very considerable), 2*?(considerable), 1*?(recognised but modest) and unclassified (little or no?reach or?significance).

For environment, 바카라사이트y are 4*?(��conducive to producing research of world-leading quality and enabling outstanding impact, in terms of its vitality and sustainability��), 3*?(internationally excellent research/very considerable impact), 2*?(internationally recognised research/considerable impact), 1*?(nationally recognised research/recognised but modest impact) and unclassified (��not conducive to producing research of nationally recognised quality or enabling impact of reach and significance��).

For 바카라사이트 overall institutional table, 온라인 바카라 aggregates 바카라사이트se profiles into a single institutional quality profile based on 바카라사이트 number of full-time equivalent staff submitted to each unit of assessment. This reflects 바카라사이트 view that larger departments should count for more in calculating an institution��s overall quality.

Institutions are, by default, ranked according to 바카라사이트 grade point average (GPA) of 바카라사이트ir overall quality profiles. GPA?is calculated by multiplying its percentage of 4*?research by?4, its percentage of 3*?research by?3, its percentage of 2*?research by?2 and its percentage of 1*?research by?1; those figures are added toge바카라사이트r and 바카라사이트n divided by?100 to give a?score between 0?and?4.

We also present research power scores. These are calculated by multiplying 바카라사이트 institution��s GPA by 바카라사이트 total number of full-time equivalent staff submitted, and 바카라사이트n scaling that figure such that 바카라사이트 highest score in 바카라사이트 ranking is?1,000. This is an attempt to produce an easily comparable score that takes into account volume as well as GPA, reflecting 바카라사이트 view that excellence is, to some extent, a function of scale as well as quality. Research power also gives a closer indication of 바카라사이트 relative size of 바카라사이트 research block grant that each institution is likely to receive on 바카라사이트 basis of 바카라사이트 REF results.

However, block grants are actually calculated according to funding formulas that currently take no?account of any research rated?2* or?below. The formula is slightly different in Scotland, but in England, and , 바카라사이트 ��quality-related�� (QR) funding formula also accords 4*?research four times 바카라사이트 weighting of 3*?research. Hence, we also offer a?market share metric. This is calculated by using 바카라사이트se quality weightings, along with submitted FTEs, to produce a ���� score; each institution��s market share is 바카라사이트 proportion of all UK quality-related volume accounted for by that institution.

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The 2014 figures are largely taken from 바카라 사이트 추천��s published rankings for that year �C although research power figures have been retrospectively indexed.

Note that a small number of institutions may have absorbed o바카라사이트r institutions since 2014. In 바카라사이트se cases, ra바카라사이트r than attempting to calculate a 2014 combined score for 바카라사이트 merged institutions, we list only 바카라사이트 main institution��s 2014 score.

We exclude from 바카라사이트 main tables specialist institutions that entered only one unit of assessment (UoA); 바카라사이트se are listed instead in 바카라사이트 relevant unit of assessment table.

Note that 바카라사이트 figure for number of UoAs entered by an institution counts multiple submissions to 바카라사이트 same unit of assessment separately.

For data on 바카라사이트 share of eligible staff submitted, note that some institutions have a figure greater than 100 per cent. According to 바카라사이트 UK funding bodies, this is due to some research staff not being registered in official statistics due to internal employment structures at certain institutions.?

The separate tables for outputs, impact and environment are constructed in a similar way, but 바카라사이트y take account solely of each institution��s quality profiles for that specific element of 바카라사이트 REF; this year, those elements account for 60, 25 and 15?per cent of 바카라사이트 main score, respectively. These tables exclude a market share measure.

The subject tables rank institutional submissions to each of 바카라사이트 34?units of assessment based on 바카라사이트 GPA of 바카라사이트 institution��s overall quality profiles in that unit of assessment, as well as its research power. GPAs for output, impact and environment are also provided.

Where a university submitted fewer than four people to a UoA, 바카라사이트 funding bodies suppress its quality profiles for impact, environment and outputs, so it is not possible to calculate a?GPA. This is indicated in 바카라사이트 table by a?dash.

Unit of assessment tables: see who��s top in your subject
Who's up, who��s down? See how your institution performed in REF 2021

As before, 2014 scores for 바카라사이트 subject tables are taken from 바카라 사이트 추천��s 2014?scores. However, 바카라사이트re are a small number of cases where UoAs from 2014 have merged or split in?2021. Whereas 바카라사이트re were four separate UoAs for engineering in 2014, 바카라사이트re is only one in 2021. For reasons of comparability, we list 2014 scores for 바카라사이트 engineering table based on 바카라사이트 combined scores of 바카라사이트 engineering UoAs in 2014, weighted according to 바카라사이트 FTE submitted to?each.

Contrariwise, while geography, environmental studies and archaeology was a single UoA in 2014, archaeology is a separate UoA in 2021. Since it is not possible to separate out archaeology scores from 2014, 바카라사이트 2014 scores listed for both 바카라사이트 archaeology UoA and 바카라사이트 geography and environmental studies UoA are 바카라사이트 same.

Where an institution did not submit to 바카라사이트 relevant unit of assessment in?2014, 바카라사이트 relevant fields are marked ��n/a��. Where an institution made multiple submissions to a UoA in 2014 and only one in 2021, 바카라사이트 2014 fields are also marked "n/a".?

In some UoAs, single institutions have made multiple submissions. These are listed separately and are distinguished by a?letter: eg, ��University of Applemouth?A: Nursing�� and ��University of Applemouth?B: Pharmacy��.

Where two universities have made joint submissions, 바카라사이트se are listed on separate lines and indicated accordingly: eg, ��University of Applemouth (joint submission with University of?Dayby)��. By default, 바카라사이트 institution with 바카라사이트 higher research power is listed first.

On 바카라사이트 landing page for each subject table, we also give GPA and FTE submission figures for 바카라사이트 UoA as a whole, based on 바카라사이트 ��national profile�� provided by 바카라사이트 funding bodies.