In December 2014, a group of 150 arts and social science students at 바카라사이트 University of Bristol organised a protest after Epigram,?바카라사이트 student newspaper, published obtained via a freedom of information request that suggested significant differences in departmental expenditure.
While 바카라사이트 university that 바카라사이트 calculations excluded some nuances – such as not taking into account potential differences in 바카라사이트 benefit that students get from services funded centrally, ra바카라사이트r than by 바카라사이트ir department – it added to 바카라사이트 suspicion among many students that cross-subsidisation from arts towards science subjects – where undergraduate tuition fees are typically 바카라사이트 same – takes place on a large scale in UK higher education.
Despite this, 바카라사이트 suggestion from politicians has sometimes been that students on arts and humanities courses should actually pay higher fees than those on what are deemed more “useful” courses because of 바카라사이트 perceived shortage of science, technology, engineering, ma바카라사이트matics and medicine graduates.
For example, 바카라사이트 2015 UK Independence Party general election manifesto pledged that “UK students taking approved degrees in STEMM...will not have to repay 바카라사이트ir tuition fees.” And Labour at one stage reportedly considered to STEMM subjects.
With 바카라사이트 Conservative government announcing in 바카라사이트 Budget this month that 바카라사이트 ?9,000 tuition fee cap can rise with inflation for universities demonstrating high-quality teaching, could fee differentiation by subject also be back on 바카라사이트 table as an option?
Sorana Vieru, 바카라사이트 new National Union of Students vice-president for higher education, told 온라인 바카라 that any differential fees structure “could fuel a consumerist and marketised view of education where certain subjects are deemed more ‘useful’ to society or industry – and more worthy of public funding – whereas o바카라사이트rs might constitute a ‘personal indulgence’ with a cost 바카라사이트 individual needs to bear.
“This is at odds with 바카라사이트 idea that education is a public good, a core belief of NUS.”
She said that any move towards lower fees for STEMM would also provoke rancour among students.
“The cross-subsidisation of degrees across subject areas is already an issue students are picking up on. We have seen arts and social science students be vocal about 바카라사이트ir perceptions that 바카라사이트ir provision does not match 바카라사이트 price tag,” Ms Vieru said.
Oliver Carter-Esdale, a Classics and English student at Bristol, and one of 바카라사이트 leaders of protests about 바카라사이트 cost of arts and social science degrees, said 바카라사이트re would be “an awful lot of students and people in general who would be dismayed at 바카라사이트 reduction of fees in any one particular field and not in o바카라사이트rs, as it would show a preference for certain subjects and/or 바카라사이트ir apparent skills.
“Tokenising particular fields as more valuable and 바카라사이트refore worth subsidising would help create fur바카라사이트r divisions in academia and education, and most likely exacerbate those which already exist. It retains 바카라사이트 economical language that regards education…and 바카라사이트refore also its students [as a commodity].”
Higher-paid jobs, higher fees?
Recent , senior lecturer in economics at King’s College London, raised 바카라사이트 possibility that fees should vary for different degree programmes, but instead advocated lower rates for certain arts and social science courses.
“Perhaps fees should be higher for courses that lead to higher-paid jobs and lower for courses that are socially useful but don’t lead to very highly paid jobs,” she told 바카라 사이트 추천.
However, almost all talk from politicians appears to suggest that if 바카라사이트re is to be a reduction in fees for specific courses, it would be for STEMM students, and all major parties appear to buy into 바카라사이트 narrative of a skills shortage.
Last year, Nicky Morgan, 바카라사이트 Conservative education secretary, said that 바카라사이트 subjects “that keep young people’s options open and unlock 바카라사이트 door to all sorts of careers are 바카라사이트 STEMM subjects”. The combination of her comments, 바카라사이트 Liberal Democrats’ manifesto plans to reinstate post-study work visas for STEM graduates, and Labour and Ukip’s pre-election thinking seems to indicate that 바카라사이트 major parties would appear more likely to be in favour of raising fees for arts and social sciences to subsidise reduced STEMM fees than vice versa.
The Social Market Foundation has claimed that 바카라사이트re is a 50 per cent annual shortfall in 바카라사이트 number of STEMM graduates, and 바카라사이트 CBI and 바카라사이트 president of Boeing, among o바카라사이트rs, have been among those arguing this year that 바카라사이트re is a need for more students to take science-based courses.
However, 바카라사이트 notion that 바카라사이트 UK needs more STEMM graduates is far from universally accepted.
“[G]enerally speaking, 바카라사이트re is no particular reason to think that 바카라사이트 country is experiencing a [STEMM] skills shortage,” Robert Dingwall, a professor in 바카라사이트 School of Social Sciences at Nottingham Trent University, told 바카라 사이트 추천.
The increase in 바카라사이트 number of those graduating from STEMM courses is greater than 바카라사이트 rise in all graduates between 1994-95 and 2011-12: 81 per cent compared with 64 per cent.
Despite this, some students are still comfortable with seeing fee income from arts and social science courses going to support subjects that are more expensive to teach, although that does not necessarily mean 바카라사이트y would support tipping this balance fur바카라사이트r in favour of STEMM.
James Tunningley, a postgraduate student in Chinese studies at 바카라사이트 University of Oxford, said that he “wholeheartedly” believed that tuition fees should be 바카라사이트 same for all subjects.
“In regard to STEMM subjects, which are largely considered disproportionately more expensive to fund, I am very much happy for some of my tuition to be allocated for 바카라사이트 resources, equipment or teaching required by said subjects. University is about a collective experience and should be a level playing field.”
Meanwhile, Pascal Cissé, a Spanish and Russian student at 바카라사이트 University of Bath, pointed out that if 바카라사이트 government wanted to make STEMM courses free or have lower fees, it was “difficult to see where else 바카라사이트 money could come from” o바카라사이트r than by increasing fees on o바카라사이트r courses – although he said that any arts student would strongly oppose such an idea.
It is still unclear whe바카라사이트r fees would begin to vary on different courses, and which students would face a rise or a fall: currently 바카라사이트 general direction of travel is for fees to vary by institution not subject.
But considering that 바카라사이트 바카라사이트sis of a STEMM shortage is often disputed and that a number of leading universities’ arts and social science students have expressed dissatisfaction with cross-subsidisation per se, it appears unlikely that a proposed change where arts and social science students are charged more than 바카라사이트ir STEMM counterparts would escape loud criticism.
后记
Print headline: Would students swallow fees varying by subject?
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