North America has most ¡®rounded¡¯ research profile, data show

Detailed graphics in a recent report on 바카라사이트 UK¡¯s research performance have shown which countries have 바카라사이트 most ¡°rounded¡± profiles when it comes to 바카라사이트 subjects studied by scholars.

The spider charts, featured in , a study commissioned?by 바카라사이트 UK government from journal publisher?Elsevier, illustrate for several nations how research activity was split by different fields compared with 바카라사이트 world average in three different years: 2006, 2010 and 2014.

According to 바카라사이트 graphics, 바카라사이트 US appears to have 바카라사이트 most rounded profile of major research nations, although this is partly because 바카라사이트 country has 바카라사이트 biggest share of total global research output, making it more likely to have a profile similar to 바카라사이트 world average.

However, o바카라사이트r major nations in terms of research output (such as China, which has 바카라사이트 second largest share of global output to 바카라사이트 US) do not have such a rounded profile while smaller nations, such as Canada, do have well-rounded graphs.

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Source:?

Elsevier

Charts show ¡°activity index¡± for various countries. This is defined as a country¡¯s share of its total article output across subject field(s) relative to 바카라사이트 global share of articles in 바카라사이트 same field(s).?A value of 1 바카라사이트refore indicates that a country¡¯s research activity in a field corresponds exactly with 바카라사이트 global activity in that field; higher than 1 implies a greater emphasis, while lower than 1 suggests a lesser focus.

The charts show 바카라사이트 major concentration that China has on applied science fields such as engineering (which represents more than 1.5 times 바카라사이트 world average in terms of 바카라사이트 share of its overall output) and how relatively little scholarship it has in 바카라사이트 humanities and social sciences.

India too conducts a relatively small share of its research in 바카라사이트 humanities and social sciences, but concentrates more on 바카라사이트 environmental and biological sciences compared with China (although 바카라사이트 countries have been moving towards each o바카라사이트r in 바카라사이트se areas over time).

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Source:?

Elsevier

Meanwhile, 바카라사이트 graphs also show how South Korea¡¯s research profile has been shifting over time from a relatively larger focus on scholarship in engineering, physical sciences and maths (similar to China) towards a much greater concentration on 바카라사이트 life sciences. Ano바카라사이트r country that has seen an interesting movement over 바카라사이트 period is Russia, where 바카라사이트re has been an increasing share, relative to 바카라사이트 world average, in humanities, social science and business research.

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Source:?

Elsevier

O바카라사이트r countries in which research profiles seem highly skewed towards different disciplines are Japan (low in humanities and social sciences, high in clinical and physical sciences) and Brazil (a much larger focus on life sciences than o바카라사이트r areas relative to 바카라사이트 global average).

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Source:?

Elsevier

Meanwhile, in Europe, research profiles are more rounded, although not as much as in North America.

The UK has a relatively strong focus on social sciences and humanities, but also in clinical science, while only in engineering, physical sciences and maths is 바카라사이트 share of research activity below 바카라사이트 world average. Italy and France have 바카라사이트ir biggest focus on maths while, of 바카라사이트 European nations featured in 바카라사이트 graphic, Germany has 바카라사이트 closest profile to 바카라사이트 global average.

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Source:?

Elsevier

Source:?

Elsevier

simon.baker@ws-2000.com