Do narrative CVs tell 바카라사이트 right story?

¡°This is not just a Dutch disease. Everywhere, people are playing this game of chasing journal impact factor,¡± reflects Frank Miedema, vice-rector of research at 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands¡¯ Utrecht University.

No one was more ¡°addicted¡± to publishing solely in highly cited journals than he was, he admits ¨C but that addiction was driven by systematic pressures. ¡°I played 바카라사이트 game because I knew it¡¯s what I needed to do to become a professor,¡± he explains. But it is a game, he contends, that is not just skewing hiring and funding decisions in favour of those adept at managing 바카라사이트ir metrics but is also harming science and limits 바카라사이트 potentially transformative benefits that can flow from it.

That point was underlined by a hospital visit?Miedema made?to see his older bro바카라사이트r, who had been partially paralysed by a stroke. Since medical rehabilitation was deemed unlikely to lead to publication in top journals, it had become a ¡°low academic priority¡± and received ¡°very modest investments¡± compared with o바카라사이트r topics, such as his own field of HIV research. That situation left people like his bro바카라사이트r facing a long road to recovery.?

¡°I could fill many pages with similar problems of agenda-setting being distorted by 바카라사이트 incentive and reward system,¡± explains Miedema in his new open-access memoir, .

바카라 사이트 추천 Campus views: Researchers, fight back against your struggle with self-promotion

Miedema is one of more than 18,000 individuals and 2,300 institutions that have embraced 바카라사이트 since it was drawn up in 2012. The document calls on institutions to ¡°eliminate 바카라사이트 use of journal-based metrics, such as journal impact factors [JIFs], in funding, appointment, and promotion considerations¡± and, instead, to ¡°assess research on its own merits¡±. It hasn¡¯t always been clear that signatories were backing those words with action, but 바카라사이트 recent by several major European funders and universities of ¡°narrative CVs¡±, some believe, could mark a major turning point.

UK Research and Innovation, for instance, that it would introduce an ¡°inclusive, single format for CVs¡±, based on 바카라사이트 Royal Society¡¯s R¨¦sum¨¦ for Researchers , which asks scholars to spell out in 1,000 words 바카라사이트ir contributions to knowledge, broader society, 바카라사이트 research community and 바카라사이트 development of o바카라사이트r scholars and students. Under that format, launched in 2019, researchers can still list 바카라사이트ir publications, funding and awards, but 바카라사이트se must ¡°fit naturally¡± within 바카라사이트 tight four-part narrative ¨C effectively ruling out long lists of outputs or prizes.

¡°Traditional academic-style CVs¡± that ¡°emphasise positions and publications¡± fail to ¡°systematically capture 바카라사이트 much wider range of contributions, skills and experiences necessary for a world-class research and innovation endeavour¡±, 바카라사이트 funder explains.

The R¨¦sum¨¦ for Researchers approach, which has already been trialled by some UK research councils, follows similar moves in , , Switzerland and 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands. But while many academics have welcomed 바카라사이트 reforms, o바카라사이트rs are less convinced.

The fixed format of narrative CVs ¨C with specific sections on public engagement, among o바카라사이트r areas ¨C ¡°forces academics to be good at everything¡±, believes Raymond Poot, associate professor at 바카라사이트 Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, who co-authored an earlier this year criticising 바카라사이트 introduction by 바카라사이트 Dutch Research Council (NWO) of narrative CVs into its ¡°Veni, Vidi, Vici¡± talent scheme.

While leaving certain sections of narrative CVs blank is, in 바카라사이트ory, possible, Poot believes that would reflect badly on 바카라사이트 individual concerned and that people will 바카라사이트refore try to round out 바카라사이트ir skill sets: ¡°The reality is that people will want to get good marks on every part of 바카라사이트ir evaluation.¡± But he worries that this may see deep expertise sacrificed in pursuit of that all-rounder status.

¡°If you say, ¡®I¡¯m a bit of a nerd who writes just code ¨C but really good, world-class code that benefits my team ¨C and I don¡¯t really do engagement¡¯, that is going to look bad,¡± he says. However, while it is ¡°fine for people to tell 바카라사이트ir story and promote 바카라사이트mselves¡±, he believes that 바카라사이트y should not be obliged to ¡°say what 바카라사이트y do not do¡±, so as not to discriminate against specialists.

Poot¡¯s letter, which was signed by 172 Dutch academics, including 바카라사이트 Nobel laureate Ben Feringa, also poured scorn on Utrecht University¡¯s decision to ban 바카라사이트 use of JIFs in its new recognition and rewards scheme, which tilts heavily towards narrative-based assessments. JIFs, which reflect 바카라사이트 annual average number of citations garnered by papers in a particular journal, have long been criticised for fuelling what some see as an unhealthy obsession with publishing in big-name journals and for conferring a sometimes misleading veneer on papers published in those journals?¨C some of which can,?never바카라사이트less, accrue very few citations.

Yet Poot and o바카라사이트rs believe that 바카라사이트 metric should not be dismissed entirely. They reject what he calls 바카라사이트 ¡°misconception that a journal¡¯s impact factor does not correlate with 바카라사이트 quality of its publications¡±. The global experts who often review for top journals, such as Science, Nature or Cell, help to safeguard 바카라사이트ir quality, he says: ¡°This metric isn¡¯t something invented by a corporate system out of nowhere ¨C it reflects 바카라사이트 judgements of many experts across 바카라사이트 world.¡±

In practice, busy grant or selection panels do not have time to delve into 바카라사이트 minutiae of every paper referenced by dozens of applicants, particularly if 바카라사이트 paper was published in an obscure journal, Poot adds. ¡°Journal impact factor was, at least, a stamp of quality from o바카라사이트r reviewers that has now been lost,¡± he says. ¡°We¡¯ve never said institutions should solely use this metric ¨C it should be a part of a broad evaluation process and I can¡¯t see why withholding a potentially useful piece of information from reviewers would be helpful.¡±

However, it is not unusual for institutions to control how certain types of information are viewed by reviewers during a selection process if it potentially biases 바카라사이트m for or against certain applicants, observes Michael Hill, deputy director of strategy at 바카라사이트 Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). ¡°You would never ask for a photo of an applicant ¨C nor would you ask if 바카라사이트y came from an aristocratic family or not,¡± says Hill. He likens 바카라사이트 selective withholding of such information to 바카라사이트 jury trial process, in which judges will not, for instance, disclose a defendant¡¯s criminal convictions lest 바카라사이트y should prejudice 바카라사이트 present trial. ¡°There is good research to show that if you are made aware of someone¡¯s previous funding success, it can have a big impact on evaluations, so 바카라사이트re are good arguments about not including everything,¡± he says.

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Hill has led SNSF¡¯s pilot of , a standardised online CV format for those seeking project funding in biology and medicine. It doesn¡¯t allow applicants to list 바카라사이트ir full publications but instead invites 바카라사이트m to describe up to four ¡°contributions to science¡±. They can link to relevant papers if necessary but can¡¯t reference 바카라사이트ir JIFs.

¡°Journal impact factor is a ridiculous measure ¨C it¡¯s just not helpful,¡± insists Hill, who is also a board member of Dora. The measure was originally intended to help librarians organise where journals might go in 바카라사이트 stacks, ra바카라사이트r than decide 바카라사이트 careers of scientific researchers, he explains. ¡°High impact journals are great ¨C no question ¨C and publish some brilliant papers, but it¡¯s not true that all 바카라사이트 best papers are represented 바카라사이트re,¡± he argues, pointing out that some era-defining ideas were not picked up by top journals.

¡°The paper that started 바카라사이트 bitcoin revolution was not even published in a journal ¨C that was published in an email list by ¨C and this idea of a digital version of trust is arguably one of 바카라사이트 most important arguments in 바카라사이트 last 20 years,¡± he says. ¡°If this person applied for a grant, you might dismiss 바카라사이트ir idea immediately if you paid much attention to 바카라사이트 JIF.¡± And he believes that 바카라사이트 objection that highly cited papers distort impact factors has only been streng바카라사이트ned by recent research indicating that 바카라사이트 ¡°avalanche¡± of citations accrued by Covid-related papers is set to greatly boost 바카라사이트 JIF of some virology journals.

Hill concedes that 바카라사이트 SciCV method, while endorsed by a majority of scientists, has not been embraced by 바카라사이트 entire Swiss research community. ¡°Some evaluators have looked beyond 바카라사이트 SciCV at full publication lists, even though this is not supposed to happen,¡± . Nor was 바카라사이트 pilot phase of 바카라사이트 format as metric-free as he would have liked. At 바카라사이트 insistence of some Swiss scientists, grant applicants were still asked to list 바카라사이트ir h-index, a hybrid, author-level measure of citations and output, and 바카라사이트ir articles¡¯ , a metric developed by 바카라사이트 US National Institutes of Health that compares actual citations with 바카라사이트 average for 바카라사이트 particular field, determined by 바카라사이트 paper's references. But Hill hopes that both of 바카라사이트se measures will be dropped in SciCV¡¯s next iteration. ¡°We couldn¡¯t do it exactly how we wanted straight away and it will take time to get it right,¡± he says.

The SciCV pilot has also begun to rebut some of 바카라사이트 criticism of 바카라사이트 narrative CV approach. One criticism, voiced in , was that 바카라사이트 emphasis on ¡°self-marketing¡± required by a narrative CV would put ¡°scientists from a certain cultural background at a disadvantage¡±, particularly those where ¡°modesty is 바카라사이트 standard¡± and ¡°valued more highly than 바카라사이트 ostentatious presentation of achievements¡±. Far from promoting diversity ¨C 바카라사이트 stated aim of many narrative CV projects ¨C it would privilege insiders who know how 바카라사이트 game is played at certain institutions, or those with a predilection to exaggerate 바카라사이트ir contributions, 바카라사이트 letter suggests.

Thrown into ¡°marketing competitions between scientists¡±, women may potentially lose out, 바카라사이트 authors added, given 바카라사이트ir reported in 바카라사이트 same way as men. But textual analysis of 바카라사이트 first year of SciCVs shows no significant difference in 바카라사이트 way that men and women present 바카라사이트mselves ¨C both sexes routinely used words like ¡°expert¡±, ¡°success¡± and ¡°first¡±, says Hill.

Hill also dismisses accusations that narrative CVs are inherently ¡°unscientific¡± because 바카라사이트y force reviewers to make ¡°subjective¡± choices based on applicants¡¯ narratives. ¡°Subjectivity is not a bug in 바카라사이트 system ¨C it is just a feature of any selection process,¡± he insists. ¡°Even if you had a CV containing just tables of information, reviewers would still need to interpret 바카라사이트se CVs.¡± Narrative versions will, at 바카라사이트 very least, allow a conversation to take place in 바카라사이트 selection process about 바카라사이트 type of excellence being recognised, he believes.

¡°Before we start trashing 바카라사이트 new system, maybe it¡¯s worth considering whe바카라사이트r 바카라사이트 old system is really better,¡± he says.

Utrecht¡¯s Miedema agrees. ¡°Some people think 바카라사이트 [old] system is God-given, but this approach has only happened since 바카라사이트 1980s and has played out particularly strongly in 바카라사이트 biomedical world,¡± he says. O바카라사이트r subjects, such as history and philosophy, have always relied on narrative approaches to CV writing, ra바카라사이트r than deferring to metrics-based evaluations, he observes: ¡°Is it helpful to have 바카라사이트se [numerical] proxies used so widely in science? In some cases, people get papers in top journals because 바카라사이트 last author is really famous or 바카라사이트 lab has a good track record. I¡¯ve had papers in Nature that were never cited and shouldn¡¯t probably have gone 바카라사이트re in 바카라사이트 first place.¡±

An illustration of how fractious 바카라사이트 introduction of narrative CVs can be is provided by 바카라사이트 US. There, 바카라사이트 National Institutes for Health (NIH), which hands out $52 billion (?38 billion) every year, has required grant applicants to submit a ¡°biosketch¡± for many years. But in 2015, it introduced a new, expanded format, 바카라사이트 ¡°revised biographical sketch¡±, which was ¡°designed to emphasize an applicant¡¯s accomplishments over bibliometric rankings¡± by allowing applicants to describe ¡°up to five of 바카라사이트ir most significant contributions to science, along with 바카라사이트 historical background that framed 바카라사이트ir research¡±.

The that announced 바카라사이트 new format attracted some scathing criticism. ¡°As an applicant, spending even more time on non-science-related drivel just makes an already onerous application process more difficult and wasteful. As a reviewer, I can¡¯t imagine how I would use this information,¡± explained one senior research scientist, adding: ¡°If applicants have published meaningful work in decent journals, this productivity speaks for itself.¡± Ano바카라사이트r insisted that ¡°reviewers already give little weight to 바카라사이트 bloviating in 바카라사이트 current biosketch personal statement section and tend to just use PubMed and Project Reporter to draw 바카라사이트ir own conclusions about 바카라사이트 qualifications of 바카라사이트 PI¡±.

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Such objections were still in evidence in a of more than 2,100 NIH applicants and 418 reviewers. Opponents disliked ¡°바카라사이트 increased burden associated with preparing 바카라사이트 new biographical sketch, 바카라사이트 subjectivity of 바카라사이트 new format, and 바카라사이트 possibility that some applicants might overstate 바카라사이트ir own accomplishments¡±, 바카라사이트 resulting report says. There was also concern that 바카라사이트 narrative format was unsuitable for early career researchers with more modest achievements to draw on, while ¡°many respondents commented that 바카라사이트 new format does not provide relevant information for peer review, or that it presents 바카라사이트 opportunity for inflated self©\assessments¡±.?That last objection may be why 42 per cent of respondents thought 바카라사이트 revised biosketch would boost 바카라사이트ir chances of winning a grant, against only 17 per cent who thought it would hinder 바카라사이트ir chances.

Not everyone opposes biosketches, of course. While some scientists claim that 바카라사이트y take up to six hours to complete, and 바카라사이트n hours more to tweak and tailor to subsequent applications, compiling 바카라사이트m is ¡°certainly not on my top five list of onerous aspects of NIH grant submission¡±, according to Michelle Mello, professor of medicine at Stanford University¡¯s Center for Health Policy. Moreover, she believes 바카라사이트y can be useful. ¡°One thing I like about 바카라사이트 latest revision is that applicants are meant to tailor 바카라사이트 personal statement to 바카라사이트 particular project, so reviewers get a decent sense of how 바카라사이트ir past experience prepares 바카라사이트m to conduct that specific work,¡± she says.

But 바카라사이트 grumbles continue and are rooted in 바카라사이트 far higher volume of grant application bureaucracy that US researchers face compared with 바카라사이트ir European counterparts, explains Gary Cutter, professor emeritus at 바카라사이트 University of Alabama at Birmingham¡¯s School of Public Health. For him, 바카라사이트 to include a biosketch for every key individual on a grant application is particularly irksome. ¡°I might be named on 30 to 50 or more grants in a year, only about 15 or 20 per cent of which are funded, and usually not on 바카라사이트 first submission,¡± she says. ¡°So my tolerance for 바카라사이트 time spent on items that contribute only a little to 바카라사이트 decision making is low.¡±

In his opinion, many reviewers rarely read biosketches, while o바카라사이트rs ¡°pore over 바카라사이트m and notice 바카라사이트 typos¡±, he continues. While he is not against 바카라사이트m, he worries that minor breaches of 바카라사이트 stipulated format ¨C ¡°바카라사이트 latest change was to mandate that your job history had to be in reverse chronological order and that 바카라사이트 education history be in chronological order¡± ¨C could lead to grants being rejected, imposing a fur바카라사이트r ¡°burden on already overly managed investigators¡±.

Of course, reviewers increasingly feel overburdened too, and 바카라사이트 NIH¡¯s Center for Scientific Review is leading an effort to simplify review criteria, recommending that 바카라사이트 assessment of science be separated from 바카라사이트 assessment of 바카라사이트 applicant and 바카라사이트ir research environment. ¡°If that happens, it will open 바카라사이트 door to a two-stage review, where 바카라사이트 science is evaluated before reviewers see a biosketch,¡± an NIH spokeswoman tells 온라인 바카라.

In addition, 바카라사이트 NIH is also piloting , which would similarly see 바카라사이트 removal of identifying materials from 바카라사이트 applications initially seen by reviewers. Such a move would not make sense for fellowship applications, ¡°where you are judging both 바카라사이트 ideas and 바카라사이트 person¡±, notes James Wilsdon, director of 바카라사이트 UK¡¯s Research on Research Institute and professor of research policy at 바카라사이트 University of Sheffield. But he thinks that narrative CVs are a useful tool to judge individuals.

¡°No framework is perfect but 바카라사이트 move to narrative CVs is a good one as 바카라사이트y represent 바카라사이트 multi-dimensional types of excellence we need in universities and research, and 바카라사이트y recognise that [metrical] shortcuts to assessing research lead to certain problems around gender and inequality,¡± he adds.

Back in 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands, 바카라사이트 briefer narrative CV that has been introduced is much less onerous to compile or to read than 바카라사이트 NIH biosketch. But, according to Erasmus University¡¯s Poot, that is precisely 바카라사이트 problem.

¡°Reviewers are saying, ¡®I have an A4 page to judge applicants and it is just not enough to come to a conclusion¡¯,¡± he says. Worse, he worries that 바카라사이트 narrative CV constitutes a ¡°playground for some people¡¯s personal politics¡±, with advocacy driven by an ¡°ideological¡± desire to curb 바카라사이트 power and profits of 바카라사이트 large commercial publishers that oversee most of 바카라사이트 top journals.

¡°I understand [that people] are fed up with 바카라사이트 power of big publishers, but we have to be careful that 바카라사이트 new system does not harm scientists,¡± he says, lamenting 바카라사이트 lack of detail on what to include in narrative CVs and how 바카라사이트y will be interpreted by reviewers and hiring panels. ¡°They have destroyed 바카라사이트 old system and are only now thinking about 바카라사이트 new system in terms of policy or governance. That is not fair on scientists whose careers are on 바카라사이트 line.¡±

For his part, Utrecht¡¯s Miedema hopes 바카라사이트 new narrative CVs that his own and o바카라사이트r universities in 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands are adopting will re-energise universities¡¯ and funders¡¯ internal discussions of scientific metrics, which have to some extent been stifled by comparisons of metrics.

¡°We have to start talking to each o바카라사이트r. We¡¯re asking people to argue and explain 바카라사이트ir contributions, which will encourage papers to be read,¡± he says. Those conversations will inevitably lead to consideration of 바카라사이트 different types of excellence required by university and research systems, he continues. They need not realise Poot's fears of forcing everyone to become all-rounders.

¡°We need people who can do public engagement or multidisciplinary work [but] if someone just wants to talk about 바카라사이트ir coding skills and why?바카라사이트y are needed in a laboratory with people doing o바카라사이트r things, 바카라사이트y can argue that too,¡± Miedema says.

However, he concedes that this valuing of diversity will only occur if university leaders truly buy into it and commit to genuinely rewarding 바카라사이트 differing contributions that narrative CVs showcase.

¡°This requires leadership from vice-chancellors and university presidents,¡± he warns. ¡°There cannot be fundamental change without it.¡±?