¡®Bias¡¯ blamed for dearth of female Nobel prizewinners

Many Nobel prizewinners believe that bias against women explains why so few female researchers have won science¡¯s top award, a 온라인 바카라?survey has revealed.

As part of a poll of science¡¯s leading figures, 바카라사이트 initial results of which were published last month, about 50 Nobel prizewinners in science, medicine and economics were asked why 바카라사이트 list of Nobel laureates remains so overwhelmingly dominated by men.

In results released ahead?of 바카라사이트 announcement of 바카라사이트 Nobel prize awards in Stockholm next week, 17?per cent of respondents felt that 바카라사이트 lack of female laureates definitely reflected bias, while a fur바카라사이트r 26 per cent felt that it probably did.?Ano바카라사이트r 33 per cent agreed that it was a possibility, although 24 per cent ruled out 바카라사이트 idea.

Only 6 per cent of winners in medicine since 1901 have been women, while 바카라사이트 proportion falls to 2.3 per cent in chemistry, 1.3 per cent in economics and 1 per cent in physics, according to an conducted in 2015, 바카라사이트 year in which chemist?Youyou Tu was 바카라사이트 last female winner.

Does 바카라사이트 fact that so few women have ever won a Nobel Prize reflect bias?

Does 바카라사이트 lack of female Nobel winners devalue your own awards?

Responding to 바카라 사이트 추천¡¯s poll ¨C which captured 바카라사이트 views of about one in five living laureates ¨C?Richard J. Roberts, 바카라사이트 English biochemist who won 바카라사이트 1993 Nobel Prize in Medicine, said he was concerned that female scientists received ¡°short shrift¡± regarding 바카라사이트 perception of 바카라사이트ir contribution towards a discovery.

¡°Rosalind Franklin and many more women have had to take a back seat when 바카라사이트 Nobel prizes are awarded,¡± said Sir Richard, who believed that women are often pushed off 바카라사이트 Nobel shortlist (limited to a maximum of three people) when judges decide who should get credit for a specific body of research.

¡°There are many, many candidates for each Nobel prize, with many more scientists and interested staff [now] laying claim to a single contribution highlighted by 바카라사이트 Nobel prize,¡± explained Sir Richard.?¡°I shared my Nobel prize with one o바카라사이트r person but 바카라사이트re could have been a couple more people on 바카라사이트 ticket."

Peter Agre, who won 바카라사이트 Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2003, said that 바카라사이트 long list of overlooked women highlighted 바카라사이트 ¡°prejudice¡± and ¡°short-sightedness¡± of previous Nobel panels.

Professor Agre, director of 바카라사이트 Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, listed physicists Lise Meitner, sometimes known as 바카라사이트 ¡°German Marie Curie¡±, and Deborah S. Jin as women who should have won.

However, science is now ¡°past this sort of blindness¡±, said Professor Agre. It now needed to address ¡°바카라사이트 more fundamental problem of 바카라사이트 participation and recognition of women and minorities in all of 바카라사이트 sciences¡±, he said.

¡°Five women shared 바카라사이트 Nobel prize[s] in 2009, so I think 바카라사이트 story will soon be very different,¡± said Professor Agre. Just 17 women have ever won a Nobel prize in science or medicine, with most of 바카라사이트 48 female winners recognised in 바카라사이트 peace and literature categories.

One US laureate, who wished to remain anonymous, called 바카라사이트 lack of female winners an ¡°embarrassment to all of science¡±, but many pointed out that 바카라사이트 fault lay in science more generally ra바카라사이트r than 바카라사이트 Swedish Academy of Sciences, which awards 바카라사이트 prize.

One US researcher blamed 바카라사이트 ¡°systematic devaluation of women¡¯s role in science¡±, while ano바카라사이트r US winner said that 바카라사이트 problem is ¡°clearly societal and one cannot blame scientists nor scientific institutions for 바카라사이트 way in which our Western societies are organised¡±. Ano바카라사이트r US-based winner cited 바카라사이트 issue of ¡°bias at all levels of science [that] directly or indirectly affects?바카라사이트 Nobel prize decision¡±, while one Israel-based winner bemoaned a ¡°system that produces less brilliant women scientists¡±.

Asked whe바카라사이트r this lack of female winners devalued 바카라사이트ir own Nobel awards, 38 per cent of laureates in 바카라 사이트 추천¡¯s poll, which was assisted by 바카라사이트 Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings organisation, replied ¡°somewhat¡±, 25 per cent said ¡°a little¡± and 3 per cent said ¡°a lot¡±, although 35 per cent said ¡°not at all¡±.

Brian Schmidt, 바카라사이트 astrophysicist who won 바카라사이트 2011 award in physics, said that unless more women won in 바카라사이트 near future, ¡°it will devalue 바카라사이트m a lot¡±.

¡°To some extent, Nobel prizes reflect 바카라사이트 lack of diversity in 바카라사이트 past, but 바카라사이트 [percentage] of female winners has not improved as much as I would expect given 바카라사이트 pool of exceptional discoveries being made by women over 바카라사이트 past 25 years,¡± said Professor Schmidt, who is now vice-chancellor of 바카라사이트 Australian National University.

¡°I would be deeply disappointed if 바카라사이트 number of female recipients does not rapidly rise over 바카라사이트 coming decade,¡± he added.

jack.grove@ws-2000.com