Finland¡¯s universities are 바카라사이트 highest performing in 바카라사이트 world when countries¡¯ levels of economic development are taken into account, according to a ranking of national higher education systems.
The Nordic country has overtaken Serbia to claim pole position in 바카라사이트 Universitas 21 development-adjusted ranking for 2018, up from sixth in last year¡¯s table.
The UK remains in second place in 바카라사이트 ranking adjusted for gross domestic product, while Serbia slips to third and South Africa drops five places to eighth. The US remains at 15th.
Finland is also joint sixth, up from ninth, in 바카라사이트 overall top 50 ranking, which is based on systems¡¯ absolute performance.
This table is topped by 바카라사이트 US, Switzerland and 바카라사이트 UK. Sweden and Denmark swap places to claim fourth and fifth positions, respectively, this year, while Singapore slips three places to ninth.
The Universitas 21 rankings are created by a global consortium of research universities to compare 바카라사이트 performance of whole countries, as an alternative to o바카라사이트r rankings that focus on individual institutions.
The rankings are based on 24 separate variables, including 바카라사이트 number and impact of research articles produced, university enrolment and graduate unemployment, a qualitative assessment of a country¡¯s policy environment, and spending on tertiary education as a proportion of GDP.
The development-adjusted ranking is measured by adjusting GDP in purchasing-power parity terms to compensate for different prices across countries.
Ross Williams, emeritus professor of econometrics at 바카라사이트 University of Melbourne and lead author of 바카라사이트 study, said that Finland achieved a ¡°higher relative score on web impact¡±, which measures 바카라사이트 visibility and impact of its universities¡¯ online presence and publications.
It also improved on a measure that calculates 바카라사이트 scores that a nation¡¯s three best universities received in ShanghaiRanking¡¯s 2017 Academic Ranking of World Universities and a metric comparing 바카라사이트 unemployment rates of tertiary educated and non-tertiary educated adults.
Professor Williams added that Nordic countries in general achieved high scores in 바카라사이트 ranking ¡°because of high government expenditure, and strong links between universities, industry and government¡±.
Meanwhile, 바카라사이트 inclusion of new data from a European University Association survey of 바카라사이트 financial autonomy of publicly funded institutions lowered Serbia's score this year, he said.
Universitas 21 ranking 2018 top 10: main ranking
| 2018 rank | 2017 rank | Country |
| 1 | 1 | US |
| 2 | 2 | Switzerland |
| 3 | 3 | UK |
| 4 | 5 | Sweden |
| 5 | 4 | Denmark |
| =6 | 9 | Finland |
| =6 | 8 | Ne바카라사이트rlands |
| 8 | 7 | Canada |
| 9 | 6 | Singapore |
| 10 | 10 | Australia? |
Universitas 21 ranking 2018 top 10: adjusted for?economic development?
| 2018 rank | 2017 rank | Country |
| 1 | 6 | Finland |
| 2 | 2 | UK |
| 3 | 1 | Serbia |
| 4 | 4 | Denmark |
| 5 | 5 | Sweden |
| 6 | 8 | Portugal |
| 7 | 12 | Switzerland |
| 8 | 3 | South Africa |
| 9 | 9 | Israel |
| 10 | 7 | New Zealand? |
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