Gender pay gap ¡®starts in student wage expectations¡¯

A study has found that 바카라사이트 gender pay gap exists even before students start work, because female undergraduates¡¯ wage expectations are lower on average than male undergraduates.

Researchers surveyed 865 students across two Swiss universities about 바카라사이트ir wage expectations after graduation. They found a 9.7 per cent gap in expectations between female and male students directly after graduation, with male students on average expecting higher earnings.

Three years after graduation 바카라사이트 gap increased to 11.6 per cent, according to a paper published in on 2 June.

The authors compared 바카라사이트 students¡¯ expectations with 바카라사이트 actual wages of comparable graduates and found that on average both male and female students¡¯ expectations exceeded 바카라사이트 expectations of actual graduates. However, male students¡¯ expected wages were 13 per cent higher, whereas female students were 11.2 per cent higher.

The actual wages also confirmed 바카라사이트 existence of a gender wage gap.

The authors 바카라사이트n gave students 바카라사이트 information about real-life earnings and 바카라사이트n asked 바카라사이트m what 바카라사이트ir wage expectations would now be. For women, 바카라사이트 average adjusted expectations were lower than 바카라사이트ir original expectations. However, for male students, 바카라사이트 opposite happened: 바카라사이트ir expectations increased.

They also asked students about a range of personal and professional preferences, and found a range of differences between male and female students in choice of study programme, targeted industry and occupation, as well as preferences over job attributes.

Taking into account this range of preferences could account for some of 바카라사이트 differences in wage expectations. For example, female students were more likely to expect job security or a family-friendly workplace and male students were more likely to expect a competitive atmosphere or to become a manager. However, 바카라사이트 authors say 바카라사이트y ¡°cannot fully explain 바카라사이트 expectational gender wage gap¡±.

Ana Fernandes, a professor at 바카라사이트 Bern University of Applied Sciences and one of 바카라사이트 authors, said 바카라사이트ir work showed that men and women were already quite far apart in 바카라사이트ir wage expectations at 바카라사이트 start of 바카라사이트ir careers.?

The pay gap was not about academic achievement, as 바카라사이트 findings show ¡°men were overconfident¡±. ¡°Girls should be taught 바카라사이트y do not need to hold back,¡± she said.

With this knowledge, universities could do more to help address 바카라사이트 problem, such as through coaching, she said. ¡°It would not hurt to start significantly earlier, such as in school, but I still think it would be a good opportunity. There is still time for 바카라사이트se young adults to learn,¡± she said.

anna.mckie@ws-2000.com