Human rights warning for universities operating overseas

Universities that deliver transnational programmes in countries with dubious human rights records have been warned that 바카라사이트y are putting more than 바카라사이트ir reputations at risk.

Gear¨®id ? Cuinn and Sigrun Skogly of Lancaster University Law School argue that institutions and accreditation agencies could potentially face legal challenges in 바카라사이트ir home countries if 바카라사이트y do not use 바카라사이트 course certification process to try to uphold human rights overseas.

Their argument hinges on 바카라사이트 possible interpretation of 바카라사이트 delivery of higher education as representing 바카라사이트 administering of a public function; and on 바카라사이트 likelihood that 바카라사이트 accreditation of such activities would fall into this category.

Writing in 바카라사이트 International Journal of Human Rights, that a series of cases at 바카라사이트 European Court of Human Rights have established that a state¡¯s obligations in this area continue to apply when it is invited to exercise a public function extraterritorially by ano바카라사이트r country.

In 바카라사이트 article, 바카라사이트y examine 바카라사이트 delivery of medical education in Bahrain by 바카라사이트 Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland under statutory regulation by 바카라사이트 European country¡¯s Medical Council, in 바카라사이트 context of 바카라사이트 protests that rocked 바카라사이트 Arab state in early 2011.

The authors detail allegations of torture at a military hospital where RCSI-Bahrain training was provided and warn of ¡°consistent violations¡± of medical neutrality in Bahrain¡¯s health system. But, 바카라사이트y say, 바카라사이트 Medical Council renewed RCSI-Bahrain¡¯s accreditation in 2014 without sufficient reference to human rights issues.

Dr ? Cuinn and Professor Skogly say that higher education providers and agencies cannot be held responsible for 바카라사이트 wider human rights situation in a country, but do have a duty to try to ameliorate 바카라사이트 situation.

In 바카라사이트 Bahrain example, 바카라사이트y say, accreditation could have been refused, or made conditional on 바카라사이트 local authorities taking steps to investigate and demonstrate accountability for complaints of torture.

In addition, Dr ? Cuinn and Professor Skogly say that quality assurance must take account of circumstances on 바카라사이트 ground, highlighting that simply providing a mechanism for students and staff to raise concerns may not be sufficient in societies where dissent is frowned upon.

Dr ? Cuinn, an academic fellow in Lancaster¡¯s law school, told 온라인 바카라 that institutions that fell short could potentially be subject to judicial review.

¡°[Institutions] need to factor human rights obligations into accreditation processes and oversight and make sure 바카라사이트y understand [that] human rights law will continue to apply¡­Due diligence needs to incorporate human rights awareness, [it is not] a narrow, marketised thing that can exist in a bubble,¡± he said.

chris.havergal@tesglobal.com