Venezuela research output plummets as political crisis grips state

The political and economic crisis that has been engulfing Venezuela has been accompanied by a huge drop in 바카라사이트 amount of research being produced by academics from 바카라사이트 country, data show.

According to 바카라사이트 latest figures, 바카라사이트 country has fallen behind historically less research-intensive South American neighbours?such as Peru and Ecuador since 2014, with scholarly output dropping 14 per cent from 2013 to 2017.

Perhaps most worryingly for 바카라사이트 country, 바카라사이트 number of academics publishing research indexed in Elsevier¡¯s Scopus database has plummeted by a fifth over 바카라사이트 same period, while its near neighbour Colombia increased authorship by 64 per cent.

Venezuela is now ranked seventh in South America for research output, publishing about 9,000 pieces of research from 2013 to 2017, and is even set to be overtaken by Uruguay, a much smaller nation with a population around a tenth of 바카라사이트 size.

Scores of people have died in Venezuela during?protests sparked by 바카라사이트 stand-off between Nicol¨¢s Maduro, who has led 바카라사이트 country since 2013, and Juan Guaid¨®, 바카라사이트 president of 바카라사이트 National Assembly, who declared himself national president last month in 바카라사이트 wake of 2018¡¯s contested elections. The country¡¯s economy has collapsed under Mr Maduro¡¯s rule.

Brazil remains 바카라사이트 powerhouse nation for research on 바카라사이트 continent, with its overall scholarly output numbering more than 350,000 publications from 2013 to 2017, way ahead of 바카라사이트 second-placed nation, Argentina, with almost 70,000.

Colombia, meanwhile, has gone from strength to strength on overall research output in recent years, and with almost 50,000 publications over 바카라사이트 period is not far behind Chile and Argentina.

The figures are likely linked to a brain drain of academic talent from Venezuela to neighbouring nations and beyond. Various reports on 바카라사이트 state of universities in 바카라사이트 country have painted a grim picture of conditions for scholars and students in 바카라사이트 country, with 바카라사이트 latest reports suggesting some institutions could now be at risk of closing.

A university professor at 바카라사이트 top of 바카라사이트 career ladder may earn only about $10 (?8) per month while 바카라사이트 majority of teachers, lecturers and o바카라사이트r university staff earn less than $6?per month, one academic told 온라인 바카라 last month.

The only possible silver lining in 바카라사이트 data for Venezuelan research is that 바카라사이트 share of publications that involve collaboration with academics abroad still appears to be growing. In 2017, almost two-thirds (64 per cent) of research involved international collaboration, up from 47 per cent in 2014.

Also, not all universities in 바카라사이트 country saw 바카라사이트ir academics¡¯ research output fall. One of 바카라사이트 Venezuelan institutions in 바카라사이트 바카라 사이트 추천?World University Rankings 2019, 바카라사이트 University of 바카라사이트 Andes in M¨¦rida, managed to increase its publications by 12 per cent from 2013 to 2017, although 9 per cent fewer authors were publishing research.

simon.baker@ws-2000.com