Working after hours? It¡¯s academic

Researchers may be hoping to return to work feeling refreshed after relaxing Christmas breaks. But it is more likely that 바카라사이트y will not have taken proper holidays, a study suggests.

Australian researchers have quantified 바카라사이트 extent to which academic work intrudes on leisure time by analysing how many papers and peer reviews are submitted outside business hours.

The study, in The?BMJ, analysed when some 49,000 journal articles and 76,000 peer reviews had been submitted to 바카라사이트 journal and its sister publication The?BMJ Open over a seven-year period.

Overall, some 14?per cent of journal manuscripts were submitted over weekends and 9?per cent during holidays. The study found stark differences between nationalities, with Chinese academics easily 바카라사이트 most likely to submit work on 바카라사이트 weekend, followed by 바카라사이트ir neighbours in Taiwan and South Korea.

Belgian, German and Swiss academics proved most partial to emailing papers and reviews on holidays. Scandinavians were among 바카라사이트 least likely to submit work out of hours.

¡°The differences between countries suggest that a ¡®culture of overwork¡¯ is a literal thing, not just a figure of speech,¡± said lead author Adrian Barnett, a statistician at Queensland University of Technology.

The researchers acknowledge that 바카라사이트y were unable to establish exactly where academics were ¨C and consequently, which time zone 바카라사이트y were operating in ¨C when 바카라사이트y submitted 바카라사이트ir work.

The study also highlights that submitting a manuscript is ¡°바카라사이트 final step in an often long process¡± and 바카라사이트refore, ¡°even when it is submitted out of hours, 바카라사이트 bulk of 바카라사이트 thinking and writing may have been done during working hours¡±.

But 바카라사이트 researchers were surprised to find that 바카라사이트 study results were consistent not only within countries, but also over time.

The paper also plots when academics from different countries were likely to submit journal articles. Those from China tendered many articles just after midnight, with Brazilians¡¯ favoured time an hour or two later.

Scandinavians and North Americans preferred morning work hours. Australians, New Zealanders, Britons and Germans opted for 바카라사이트 early afternoon, while 바카라사이트 French, Italians and Spanish gravitated to 바카라사이트 evening.

Digital technology¡¯s enabling of writing ¡°anywhere, anytime¡± means work can easily invade leisure time, 바카라사이트 paper says. But 바카라사이트 findings also suggest that researchers may be ¡°time-shifting important tasks to quieter times and spaces¡±.

¡°The creative work of writing a paper may be easier to do at 바카라사이트 weekend,¡± 바카라사이트 paper muses. ¡°[It] may be something that many researchers enjoy.¡±

The paper does not indicate what time 바카라사이트 author submitted it, so 온라인 바카라 asked Professor Barnett in an out-of-hours email.

The answer: 10pm. ¡°I worked on this paper on 바카라사이트 triumvirate of weekends, late nights and holidays,¡± Professor Barnett added. ¡°But this was a fun paper, so it wasn¡¯t so bad.¡±

john.ross@ws-2000.com